Roman Catholic Church and the Papal Conclave On 11 February 2013‚ Pope Benedict XVI choose for the first time in almost six centuries to resign the papacy of the Roman Catholic Church instead of passing the responsibility on in death. The last Pope to resign his papacy was Gregory XII in 1415. This paper will discuss the history of the Roman Catholic Church’s belief in and use of the modern day “Papal Conclave”. Throughout this essay‚ there will be several terms used that may be unfamiliar and
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church but to our faith as catholics. Pope Benedict XVI’s papacy testifies to a churchman of scholarship and pastoral sensitivity. He has a reputation as a theological conservative‚ taking uncompromising positions on homosexuality‚ women priests and contraceptions. He espouses Christian compassion- speaking out for human rights‚ protection of the environment and the fight against poverty and injustice. The central theme of his papacy has been his defense of fundamental Christian values in the
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Trace the rise in importance of the figure of the Bishop of Rome (what we now call the ‘Pope’) from the first century to the papacy of Leo the Great in the mid fifth century. What factors underpinned Rome’s importance in the Church? In this essay I intend to show how the church in Rome grew in importance and how the Holy Roman See came to hold a position of pre-eminence in the early Christian Church and which still pertains today in the Catholic Church. I will first look at the evidence that
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HUM2232 Chapter 15 Study Questions Wallman/2013 The Roman Renaissance 1. Describe Rome in 1402. How did Rome begin to change once the papacy returned to Rome? Why did the papacy rebuild the city? What affect did the papal palaces have on pilgrims according to Paolo Cortesi? When Brunelleschi arrive in Rome in 1402‚ shortly after the competition for the Baptistery door in Florence‚ the city must have seemed a pitiful place. Its population had shrunk from around 1 million in 100 CE to under
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desire to retake Jerusalem and unite eastern and western Churches proved to be more difficult than he anticipated. Therefore‚ there cannot be anything more significant than the First Crusade as it established a new Christian policy‚ one in which the papacy called upon Christian warriors to embark to distant lands and kill in the name of God. For their deeds‚ they were granted eternal salvation for all of their earthly sins. Regretfully‚ Christian success during the First Crusade only began the process
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Joseph Heller’s Catch 22‚ which depicts the ending stages of World War II‚ presents war in its most crude‚ uncensored form. The novel dissipates all thoughts of war as ideal and heroic‚ instead‚ the novel shows the true violence of war. Through his illustration of the war‚ Heller satirizes war and its establishments resulting in an underlying theme of death. Almost all of Yossarian’s friends end up dying in the chaotic war. For example‚ Yossarian’s comrade‚ Snowden‚ dies‚ but his death is only revealed
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counterparts in the 14th Century. In the midst of turmoil between the French Catholics and Italian Catholics‚ the Church was scarcely in a position to offer comfort. Since 1309‚ the Pope had resided at Avignon in southern France due to these secular issues‚ rather than Rome. Consequently‚ Avignon was governed by one simple rule: absolutely everything in the Church was for sale‚ ecclesiastical offices‚ pardons for sins‚ and even the most sacred holy relics. Eventually in 1377‚ Pope Gregory XI returned
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well as religious nerves. Popular Religious Movements and Criticism of the Church The Protestant Reformation could not have occurred without the monumental challenges to the medieval church during its “exile” in Avignon‚ the Great Schism‚ the Conciliar period‚ and the Renaissance Papacy. Urban laypeople were increasingly knowledgeable about the world around them and about the rulers who controlled their lives. The Modern Devotion A constructive lay religious movement in northern Europe was
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owed him absolute and unquestioned obedience. Disobedience was regarded as heresy‚ and obedience to God became obedience to the papacy. Gregory VII had a good understanding of political realities and was always willing to take them into account‚ provided they fit in with his own reform efforts. The most successful example of the use of feudal arrangements by the papacy was the alliance with
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Plus‚ since relations between Western Europe and Byzantium had been strained for quite some time because of the "Great Schism" of 1054‚ the Pope saw this as an excellent opportunity to help reunite them and perhaps bring them under the control of the Papacy. This expedition‚ however‚ was not to be seen as a crusade; but as an act of charity and mercy
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