worldwide and identify common therapeutic areas to allow for focused interventions‚ because off-label drug use can be a measure of the lack of knowledge concerning paediatric treatments. A secondary objective was to provide a brief review of efforts to date. A literature review of articles on off-label and unlicensed drug use in children involving general prescription samples was performed using Medline and Embase : A lack of harmonisation between the evidence‚ the information available to doctors‚ and
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Running head: A LITERARY REVIEW OF CELEBRITY ENDORSEMENT Celebrity Endorsement in Mass Media Advertising Brands Celebrity endorsement in mass media advertising has become a very beneficial phenomenon for many countries and has significantly increased in the past decade‚ and should be the main principle of brand communications since it is the key to marketing success. Any product that is displayed in a television commercial or magazine advertisement by a corporation that uses a celebrity or
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Literature review of strategy implementation and strategy process frameworks Introduction Great strategies are worth nothing if they cannot be implemented (Okumus and Roper 1999). It can be extended to say that better to implement effectively a second grade strategy than to ruin a first class strategy by ineffective implementation. Less than 50% of formulated strategies get implemented (Mintzberg 1994; Miller 2002; Hambrick and Canella 1989). Every failure of implementation is a failure of formulation
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The following work represents the importance of leadership in the Rwanda Genocide of 1994 and the many factors that lead to the tragedy. This literature demonstrates the history and tribal relationship of Hutus and Tutsis leading to the Genocide in 1994 and most importantly why international intervention could not prevent the mass murder of 800‚000 people. Prior to the genocide‚ Rwanda was under extended period of colonial dominance by the Belgium. During that time a powerful group of Roman Catholic
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Portfolio management Portfolio management is the professional management of various securities (shares‚ bonds and other securities) and assets (e.g.‚ real estate) in order to meet specified investment goals for the benefit of the investors. Investors may be institutions (insurance companies‚ pension funds‚ corporations‚ charities‚ educational establishments etc.) or private investors (both directly via investment contracts and more commonly via collective investment schemes e.g. mutual funds or exchange-traded
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The effectiveness of advertising: a literature review Elisabetta Corvi Associate Professor of Economics and Business Management University of Brescia corvi@eco.unibs.it Michelle Bonera (corresponding author) Assistant Professor of Economics and Business Management University of Brescia +39 333 2341484 mbonera@eco.unibs.it Abstract The aim of the paper is to propose a simple approach to monitor and control the encoding phase‚ too often neglected by the doctrine and operators
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Literature Review Numerous studies confirm the benefits of using graphic organizers in the classroom in terms of helping students develop and process information. The mere fact this is a method that has been backed by such a strong body of evidence has imbued me with confidence that this intervention will yield positive results. Graphic organizers are a way to help students "grapple with core ideas of the content and develop sophisticated relational understandings of it" (Ellis 2004). They
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factors brings further complexity and encounters‚ hence urgency of more robust leadership‚ strategy and creative approaches is at forefront than anytime in the history; to struggle and compete this dynamic challenges. In the Michael Porter (1996) literature ‘what is strategy’; one of the concept of the organization strategy can be understood as being “different” from the competitors and so with the different end outcome and added value to the organization as a long-term advantages. It means that‚ an
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Gender and Leadership Literature Review 1. Introduction Leadership theories and literature describe what leaders should do and on the other hand literature also exists on what leaders actually do‚ the former are prescriptive and the latter are descriptive (Bratton et al; 2005). Leadership style is a relatively consistent set of behaviours that characterise a leader (DuBrin; 1995). The main leadership theories encompass the trait‚ behaviour‚ contingency‚ power
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ORGANISATIONAL CHANGE MANAGEMENT Assignment 2 – Literature Review It is not the strongest of the species that survives‚ nor the most intelligent‚ but the one most responsive to change. - Charles Darwin
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