Neuro notes for test 2! Cell membranes are composed of a lipid bilayer. It has different receptors that allow different ions to pass‚ depending on the conditions in the cell. Leak channels- always open allow ions to flow back and fourth across the cell membrane Na cl ‚K and Ca ions and they just flow back and fourth without any gate keeper or obstruction‚ When the neuron is at rest its cytoplasm is Negatively charged. That means that it is not going under depolarization‚ we use the term resting
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potential it is first necessary to define the specific components of a neuron which are involved in the process.  Source http: //people.eku.edu/ritchisong From the diagram above the three main components of a neuron; the cell body‚ the axon and the dendrites can be identified. The dendrites which extend from the cell body are responsible for receiving
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appropriate sensory stimulus with a change in membrane potential that is You correctly answered: b. graded with the stimulus intensity. 2. If the depolarization that reaches the axon is large and suprathreshold‚ the result in the axon is You correctly answered: c. action potentials at higher frequency. 3. At the axon terminal‚ each action potential causes the release of neurotransmitter. This neurotransmitter diffuses to the receiving end of an interneuron‚ where it binds to receptors and causes
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are mostly closed. Experiment Data: Extracellular Fluid (ECF) Control Control Control Control High K+ High K+ High K+ High K+ Low Na+ Low Na+ Low Na+ Low Na+ Microelectrode Position Cell body extracellular Cell body intracellular Axon extracellular Axon intracellular Axon intracellular
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Introduction and Objective The action potential is an impulse of electrical activity. Action potential occurs when a neuron sends messages electrochemically down an axon called a nerve impulse. When a neuron is not stimulated or inactive‚ it is at resting potential. When a neuron is at rest‚ the electrical charge on the inside of the neuron is negative while the electrical charge on the outside of the neuron is positive. The resting membrane potential of a neuron is about -70 mV (mV = millivolts)
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called an axon. The axon’s role is to carry outgoing messages to neighboring neurons or to a muscle or gland. Axon can vary in sizes from 1-2 millimeters to 3 feet. Although the neuron has only one axon near the end of the axon it splits into terminal branches. When think of a nerve it is actually group of axons bundled together like a wire. The myelin sheath is a white fatty covering found on some axons. The myelin sheath is pinched in some places resembling a line of sausages. Not all the axons have
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used to measure membrane potential? Results Table 3: Membrane Potentials at Different Stimulation Voltages‚ by Location. a. Values of maximal depolarization of membrane potential (mV) at different stimulation voltages‚ by location. Location Axon hillock Axon 0 V (no stimulation ) -68.5 -68.5 2V -63.6 -72.4 b. Action Potential Generation. Laboratory Report/ Caitlin Magnacca/ Action Potentials/ / 03.19.2015/ Page [1] of [4] Stimulation Voltage 4V -56.1 -63.8 6V 31.4 31.7 8V 30.9 -68.5 Location
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message (nerve impulse) to your muscles via axon extensions. The end of this axon forms a union with a single muscle fiber; this union is called the neuromuscular junction. The axon terminal and the muscle fiber don’t actually touch at this junction; they are attached by a space called the synaptic cleft. (Marieb and Hoehn‚ 2007) Inside the axons terminal there are small sacs containing the neurotransmitter ACh. When the message reaches the end of the axon it opens Calcium channels and Calcium moves
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Stimulation Voltages‚ by Location See Graph 1: Maximal depolarization of membrane potential at axon hillock and axon after different stimulation voltages. 1. What was the resting membrane potential (no stimulation) recorded in Table 3? The Resting Membrane Potential Voltage =-70 mV 2. At which stimulation voltage(s) did you see decrimental conduction of graded potential from axon hillock to axon? At 2V the graded potential went from 64.8 – 73.8 3.At what stimulus voltage(s) did an action
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Report Pre-lab Quiz Results You scored 25% by answering 1 out of 4 questions correctly. 1. Axons are You correctly answered: d. long‚ thin structures that extend from a neuronal cell body. 2. Which of the following is easier? Your answer : b. intracellular recordings of the action potential Correct answer: a. extracellular recordings of the action potential 3. An action potential is usually initiated in an axon at or near Your answer : c. the trigger zone Correct answer: d. all of the above 4. The initiation
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