Chemotherapeutic Agents of Control: Introduction: Chemotherapeutic agents are chemical substances used to treat various forms of infectious diseases. The chemotherapeutic agent works by stopping the bacteria from reproducing. There are two different kinds of chemotherapeutic agents. The first kind is an antibiotic‚ which slow down the growth of microorganisms. The second kind of chemotherapeutic agent is synthetic drugs. Synthetic drugs are artificially made in a laboratory. Chemotherapy
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measuring zone of inhibition. Inhibiting concentrations used for all the extracts was 500 mg/ml. Methanolic extract of C. album was found to be most active among all other extracts and inhibits Staphylococcus epidermidis‚ Bacillus subtilis‚ Staphylococcus aureus‚ Escherichia coli. The extract of a mixture of solvents was also found to be effective in inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus. Methanolic extract of C. album was found to give a most clear zone of inhibition. The antibacterial activity is attributed
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INTRODUCTION Cassia fistula Linn. (Leguminosae) is a very common plant and is widely known for its medicinal properties. In the Indian literature‚ this plant has been described to be useful against skin diseases‚ liver troubles‚ tuberculous glands and its use in the treatment of rheumatism‚ hematemesis‚ pruritus‚ leucoderma‚ and diabetes.[1‚2] Besides‚ it has been found to exhibit anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic activity and widely used as a mild laxative suitable for children and pregnant women
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prions protein‚ no genetic material 2. Cell morphology: determine by gene and environment conditions ⁃ coccus spherical ⁃ diplococci two ⁃ streptococci chain ⁃ sarcina cuboidal ⁃ tetrad four ⁃ staphylococci grape clustered ⁃ bacillus rod-like ⁃ coccobacillus oval ⁃ diplobacilli two ⁃ streptobacilli chain ⁃ palisades ladder ⁃ spirillum spiral < 20 turns ⁃ spirochete spiral > 20 turns ⁃ pleomorphic variation in size and shape 3. Cell structure ⁃ appendages
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Microbial metabolism is the means by which a microbe obtains the energy and nutrients (e.g. carbon) it needs to live and reproduce. Microbes use many different types of metabolic strategies and species can often be differentiated from each other based on metabolic characteristics. The specific metabolic properties of a microbe are the major factors in determining that microbe’s ecological niche‚ and often allow for that microbe to be useful in industrial processes or responsible for biogeochemical
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has more than 100 phytochemicals. It is used as sugar substitute. The extracts from leaves are used for the microbial assay and study the antimicrobial activity. The microbes used for the testing the activities are E.coli‚ Staphylococcus aureus‚ Bacillus subtilis‚ Salmonella typhi‚ Aspergillusniger‚ Candida parapsilosis‚ Trichophyton rubrum. With different concentrations of the extracts starting from 2.5µg/ml‚ 5.0µg/ml‚ 7.5µg/ml‚ 1.0µg/ml and the highest activity is shown by Staphylococcus aureus
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Microbiology Lecture Exam #1 Outline Chapter 1: Microbiology Introduction I. Microbiology Definition II. History of Microbiology (Christian Gram‚ Robert Koch‚ Antony van Leeuwenhoek‚ Robert Hook‚ Edward Jenner‚ Louis Pasteur‚ Elie Metchnikoff‚ Dmitri Iwanowski‚ Paul Ehrlich‚ Alexander Fleming) II. Scope of Microbiology A. Infectious Agents 1. Prions 2. Viroids 3. Viruses B. Prokaryotes
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bacteria under optimal conditions of growth. |Bacterium |Medium |Generation Time (minutes) | |Escherichia coli |Glucose-salts |17 | |Bacillus megaterium |Sucrose-salts |25 | |Streptococcus lactis |Milk
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seeing bubbles‚ I ruled out Streptococcus lactis. My organism did have the catalase enzyme; meaning it was either Bacillus subtilis or Staphylococcus. To distinguish the two‚ I performed the simmons citrate test on them. Since the tube stayed green I confirmed that my organism was Staphylococcus. My organism B could not degrade citrate‚ so that meant my organism was not Bacillus subtilis. In conclusion‚ my unknown organisms were Staphylococcus and Enterobacter aerogenes. REFERENCES Kidane‚
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FST3202 Food Microbiology 2012/2013-1 Lecture 1. Introduction to Food Microbiology Prof. Madya Dr. Yaya Rukayadi Department of Food Science Faculty of Food Science and Technology Universiti Putra Malaysia Wednesday‚ 12-09-2012 BKTM-2 (10.00 – 12.00) FST 3202 – Food Microbiology Semester : 1 (2012/2013) Program : Undergraduate Student (prasiswazah) Credits : 3 (2-1) Class : BKTM 2 – Food 1 Day/Time : Wednesday‚ 10.00 – 12.00 Pensyarah : Prof. Madya
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