Access HP&S Biological Concepts Microorganisms and Biotechnology Use of Aseptic Technique Introduction Microorganisms (microbes) such as prokaryotes are the oldest life form that we know. Various forms have been discovered‚ not only to survive‚ but to thrive in the most hostile and extreme of environments and have been named extremophiles and various types of microbes are found in every niche of ecology. Due to their resilience and success at sustaining their existence‚ it has proven to
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Disposition/Food Safety: Overview of Food Microbiology July 8‚ 2011 Overview of Food Microbiology OBJECTIVES At the end of this module‚ you will be able to: 1. Explain the structural similarities and/or differences among Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as their isolation and identification using serological‚ biochemical‚ and molecular techniques. 2. Identify the functions of the bacterial cell wall. 3. Identify the extrinsic and intrinsic parameters that affect bacterial growth
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accounted by the slow movement of molecules that decreases enzyme and substrate collision. The difference in optimal temperature between the fungal and bacterial amylase may be due to the different environments that each enzyme is naturally found in. Bacillus licheniformis is found in a wider range of environments so its enzymes have to survive a higher range of temperatures. Where as Aspergillus oryzae is found in lower temperature habitats preventing its enzymes from tolerating a wider range of temperatures
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ASHOKA (SARACA ASOCA) Classification[4] Kingdom Divison Class Order Family Genus Species Plantae Magnoliophyta Mgnoliopsida Fabales Caesalpinaceae Saraca Asoca DEVSTHALI VIDYAPEETH COLLEGE OF PHARMACY CONTANTS Introduction………………………………………………………………01 Synonyms……………………………………………………………………01 Biological source…………………………………………………….01 Geographical source…………………………………………….01 Cultivation and collection………………………………..02 Macroscopic Characters…………………………………….03 Botanic description……………………………………………
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Superantigens (SAgs) are a class of antigens which cause non-specific activation of T-cells resulting in polyclonal T cell activation and massive cytokine release. SAgs can be produced by pathogenic microbes (including viruses‚ mycoplasma‚ and bacteria)[1] as a defense mechanism against the immune system.[2] Compared to a normal antigen-induced T-cell response where .001-.0001% of the body’s T-cells are activated‚ these SAgs are capable of activating up to 83% of the body’s T-cells.[citation needed]
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Chapter-8 Cell: The Unit Of Life What is a cell? Cell is the basic or fundamental structural and functional unit of an organism. What is cell biology? The branch of biology that deals with the study of cell structure and function is called cell biology. DISCOVERIES; Who discovered cell? Robert Hooke observed a live cell in 1665. He observed the cell(actually the cell walls) in the slice of cork under his compound microscope ‚coined the term cell‚ recorded his observations in micrographic
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Several cells majority Bacillus and cocci cells. D. Were there observable differences between your fresh yogurt slide and the prepared yogurt slide? If so‚ describe them. Only perhaps that there was far more Cocci cells then Bacillus E. Describe the four main bacterial shapes 1. Cocci - Spherical or oval bacteria having one of several distinct arrangements based on their planes of division 2. Bacillus - Rod shaped bacteria. Bacilli all divide in one plane producing a bacillus‚ streptobacillus
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Gel filtration chromatography on Sephadex G-50 The crude broth obtained after fermentation was subjected to ammonium sulphate precipitation at 70% (w/v). The pellet so obtained was resuspended in cold saline (2 ml) and dialysed. The dialysed enzyme was loaded onto a column of Sephadex G-50 (120 cm × 1.0 cm) equilibrated with 10 mM Tris-HCl buffer‚ pH 8. The column was eluted at a flow rate of 1 ml / 6 min. The elution profile of gel filtration chromatography is shown in the (Fig: 1). The fractions
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except for the TDA‚ IND and VP SAC Blue coloured suspension formed - MEL Blue coloured suspension formed - AMY Blue coloured suspension formed - ARA Yellow coloured suspension formed + • Result of API 20 E refers to the presence of Escherichia coli 1 and Escherichia 2 in the bacterial suspension. Analytical profile index which is also known as API is generally used for rapid identification of classified microorganisms. This API 20E kit
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a good bioterrorism agent. How is Anthrax Caused? Anthrax is caused by the bacterium[2] ‘Bacillus anthracis’ that is highly lethal in its virulent form. Anthrax most commonly occurs in wild and domestic animals‚ but it can also occur in humans when they are exposed to infected animals‚ tissue from infected animals‚ or high concentrations of anthrax spores.[3] Bacillus Anthracis Bacillus anthracis‚ the bacterium which causes anthrax‚ is rod-shaped and about 1 by 6 micrometres in size
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