Materials 1. Nutrient agar plates of a) Sarcina lutea and Serratia marcescens b) Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli c) Streptococcus fecalis and Pseudomonas fluoroscens 2. 24 hour pour plate preparation of a) Serratia marcescens b) Sarcina lutea c) Bacillus subtilis d) Escherichia coli 3. 24 hour agar slant of the following cultures incubated at 25ºC a) Bacillus subtilis b) Escherichia coli c) Serratia marcescens d) Pseudomonas fluoroscens 4
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and bacteria that retain the color from the primary stain is called gram-positive. Bacteria stain differently because of chemical and physical differences in the cell wall. Procedure For this lab we used three cultures; Escherichia Coli‚ Bacillus Subtilis‚ and Staphylococcus Epidermidis. Using a different slide for each sample we started by preparing and fixing each slide. Next we covered the slide with crystal violet for 30 seconds then rinsed with water. Next we covered the slide with Grams
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The steaks that were done on this plate seemed to show that E. coli did not have lipases because it did not have clear zones. Staphylococcus aureus seemed to have these clear zones meaning it can secrete lipases. The bacteria Bacillus subtilis did not grow well to see if there was a clearing. After doing some research‚ it was shown that B. subtilis is lipase positive so there should have also been some clear sones like the Staphylococcus aureus (Watson). The DNAse agar could not
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of papain and a microbial enzyme on meat proteins and beef Landmann‚ W.A. 1963. Enzymes and their influence on meat tenderness Balls‚ A.K.‚ and S.R. Hoover. 1937. The milk clotting action of papain McConn‚ J.D.‚ D. Tsuru‚ and K.T. Yasunobu. 1964. Bacillus subtilis neutral proteinase: I Cover‚ S.‚ R.L. Hostetler‚ and S.J. Ritchey. 1962. Tenderness of beef McKeith‚ F.K.‚ M.S. Brewer‚ and K.A. Bruggen. 1994. Effects on enzyme application on sensory‚ chemical‚ and processing Dapeau‚ G.R. 1976. Protease
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2.4 Mechanism Of Phosphate Solubilization: In contrary to Nitrogen soluble Phosphorous is not supplied to plants by atmosphere . Due to this reason the primary and secondary minerals and/or organic compounds are the source of P to great extent. In soil solution concentration of phosphorous is least as compare to other nutrients and ranges from0.001 to 1mg/ml Brady and Weil (2002 ).There are widely three categories of P compounds in soil: (i) compounds which are inorganic‚ (ii) organic compounds
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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background Food is one of human sources of calorie‚ protein‚ fats‚ and nutrition. Yet‚ because of the highly nutritious content‚ food is susceptible to growth of microorganisms. By the presence of microorganisms in food‚ the food is more likely to have shorter shelf life. Thus‚ mostly it is resolved by the addition of antimicrobial substances to food‚ such as condiments and preservatives. Condiments and preservatives could inhibit the growth of microorganisms
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Fermentation of Lactose Test‚ the Sulfide Indole Mobility (SIM) Test‚ the Nitrate Reduction Test‚ the Protein Hydrolysis Test‚ the Catalase Test‚ and the Cytochrome Oxidase Test. The microbes that were tested during this lab were: Escherichia coli‚ Bacillus cereus‚ the unknown‚ Proteus vulgaris‚ Staphylococcus epidermis‚ Enterobacter aerogenes‚ the control‚ and Pseudomonas fluorescens. The microbes tested during these various tests were looking for which would: reduce sulfur/produce sulfate‚ produce
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detection is achieved by carrying out regular inspection and counting of pest numbers in the field. Action is taken to control the pests by use of selective insecticide application‚ e.g.‚ trunk injection or spot spraying with pyrethroid or Bacillus thuringiensis formulations once when an economic threshold level of pest population is exceeded. Rat Control Rats‚ if uncontrolled‚ can bring about at least 5% loss of crop in oil palm. These pests were traditionally controlled with poison baits
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Biological vs Chemical Pest Control All living things strive to survive‚ but unfortunately the needs of other creatures sometimes conflict with our needs. An example of this conflict is the struggle between pests and humans. Pests are creatures that injure or kill plants or domestic animals‚ transmit disease‚ cause economic damage or are a nuisance in some other way. They eat our food crops or ornamental plants‚ infect plants that are useful to us‚ make us sick by transmitting infectious organisms
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F> GUIDELINES FOR THE COLLECTION‚ CARE AND CONTROL OF RAINWATER IN TANKS F A C T S H E E T Rainwater tanks can provide a supply of good quality potable water with proper management of the tank and roof catchment. The Tank & Reduction of Water Consumption Tanks are available in galvanised steel‚ zincalume‚ fibreglass and concrete and all are suitable for the storage of potable water. Rainwater tanks should protect water from contamination. Contaminants such as industrial pollutants‚ dust
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