Discuss the role of endogenous pacemakers in the control of circadian rhythms [AO1 8 marks‚ AO2 16 marks] An endogenous pacemaker is an internal biological clock that controls the way in which many of our biological rhythms behave. Many of these rhythms run on a 24 hour basis‚ such as the sleep/wake cycle‚ bodily temperatures and some of our hormones. The main endogenous pacemaker in mammals is the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)‚ which is located in the hypothalamus. It receives information
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Unknown reports in microbiology are written in scientific format. Scientific writing is written differently from other types of writing. The results of the exercise or experiment are what are being showcased‚ not the writing. The purpose of scientific writing is not to entertain‚ but to inform. The writing should be simple and easy to understand. There is a specific style that must be followed when writing scientific reports. Scientific writing is typically written in the passive voice. The
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8. C. Catalase test. 9. B. Streptococcus 10. B. Optochin (P disk) 11. this test is used to differentiate different types of alpha-hemolytic streptococci. 12. A. It is viridans streptococci 13. there was no inhibition of bacterial growth around the P disk. This is indicative of viridans streptococci. this is a collection of streptococci normally found in the oral cavity. 14. B. Type 2 is lactose-positive‚ and type 1 is lactose-negative. 15. C. Citrate test 16
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Discuss the role of endogenous pacemakers and exogenous zeitgebers in the sleep-wake cycle and at least one other biological rhythm Endogenous pacemakers and exogenous zeitgebers can manipulate the various bodily rhythms‚ and have particular affects on the sleep / week cycle in the circadian rhythm. Endogenous pacemakers are separate and distinct internal rhythms that affect the bodily rhythms; similarly‚ exogenous zeitgebers are outside influences‚ and sometimes outside rhythms that also affect
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Outline and evaluate the role of endogenous pacemakers and of exogenous zeitgebers in the control of circadian rhythms (8+16) Circadian rhythms are biological rhythms that occur every 24 hours‚ an example of a circadian rhythm is the sleep-wake cycle‚ another circadian rhythm is body temperature which is at its lowest at around 36 degrees at night and it peaks in the morning at 38 degrees. Endogenous pacemakers are internal body ’clocks’ that will modulate biological rhythms‚ the SCN is an example
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Unknown Laboratory Report BIO3200 ALL DUE: APRIL 25TH BY 1PM!!! HARD COPY‚ NONE VIA EMAIL Title Page – this should contain the following information: Unknown‚ your name‚ date (due date)‚ course name / section‚ semester / year Background/Introduction This section introduces the reader to the study and why the study was done. This should be at least a half page long. For example: “There are many reasons for identifying an unknown bacterium. The reasons range from…[explain 2-3 reasons
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Unknown Bacteria Lab Report Introduction The purpose to this lab was to identify an unknown bacteria from a mixed culture provided to us by our instructor. This study was done by applying all of the methods that have been instructed on thus far in microbiology laboratory class. Each test performed‚ provided us with some key information about the unknown organism in question and how the bacteria function. Over a two week period‚ eight prepared types of test media were provided to identify
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Discuss the role of endogenous pacemakers and exogenous zeitgebers in biological rhythms A rhythm is something that is regularly repeated e.g. eating several times a day. These rhythms are repeated over different intervals and they are governed by both internal (endogenous) and external (exogenous) factors. An endogenous pacemaker is something internal that sets the rhythm‚ and an exogenous zeitgeber is something external that affects / sets the rhythm e.g. light. A biological rhythm that
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Homeostasis Homeostasis refers to the ability of the body or a cell to seek and maintain a condition of equilibrium or stability within its internal environment when dealing with external changes. It is involved in the maintenance of the constant internal environment which includes the function of kidney‚ liver‚ skin‚ etc. In humans‚ homeostasis happens when the body regulates body temperature in an effort to maintain an internal temperature around 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit. For example‚ we sweat to
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Unable to read the Gram Stain at first it was later confirmed that Unknown #7 was a gram negative bacteria. When introduced to Starch Unknown #7 produced no zone of clearing showing that it did not contain the enzyme amylase. When introduced to the Lipid Unknown #7 did produce a zone of clearing indicating that it did contain the enzyme lipase. When introduced to Casein Unknown #7 produced no zone of clearing indicating that it did not contain the enzyme protease. When streaked onto the Gelatin‚
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