getting serious bacterial infection (Pratt A.‚ & Attia‚ M. W. (2007)). A normal white blood cell count ranges from 4‚000 to 10‚000 cells per microliter. The increase of neutrophils can cause an increase factor for bacterial infection. If a bacterial infection is being present‚ there will be also a decrease in lymphocytes. The white blood cells can protect the body against the infection. The number of white blood cells and leukocytes are being increased when the person has a bacterial infection. The
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replicate in bacterial cells Genetic engineering applications A tool kit for recombinant DNA technology 1. Tools to cut DNA molecules into large “gene-sized” fragments 2. Vector DNA molecules that can replicate and into which “foreign” DNA can be inserted 3. Tools to join vector DNA and “foreign” DNA together to create recombinant DNA molecules 4. Methods for introducing “recombinant” DNA molecules into bacterial cells where they can replicate 5. A method for identifying bacterial cells that
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Experiment 1- Title: Observing Bacteria and Blood Purpose: The purpose of this experiment is to learn how to use a compound microscope and an oil immersion lens while observing prepared bacterial slides. Additionally‚ it will be necessary to prepare slides so as to observe bacterial cultures from yogurt as well as to observe the composition of blood (i.e. red blood cells‚ white blood cells‚ and platelets). Procedure: Exercise 1: Viewing Prepared Slides To begin this lab experiment I
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EXPERIMENT NO. 1 AIM: To perform isolation of the genomic DNA from the bacterial cell. REQUIREMENTS: Biological: Bacterial culture (DH5α) Chemical: Solution 1 - 10ml • Glucose (50mM) - 500μl • Tris-Cl (pH 8.0‚ 25mM) - 250μl • EDTA (pH 8.0‚ 10mM) - 200μ Solution 2 • SDS (1%) Phenol: chloroform: isoamylalcohol (25:24:1)‚ Absolute ethanol‚ 70% ethanol‚ Sterile distilled water Apparatus: Micropipettes‚ conical flask‚ measuring
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macromolecular particles. Viruses may attack animals and plants. Infectious human viruses can be dispersed though the air (airborne viruses) or body fluids (HIV virus). Epidemic viruses (such as HIV) that are passed from person to person via sexual conjugation are remarkably similar to computer viruses. Unfortunately in humans there is no resident antivirus program to alert you of a potential infection‚ or to quickly scan your body and delete the invader once it has entered your system. Humans must rely
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Revision Important topics include but not limited to:1) Structure of molecules – Atomic orbitals‚ molecular orbitals‚ hybridization 2) Mechanism of reactions – curly arrows‚ chemical reactions‚ substitution‚ elimination‚ etc 3) Delocalization and conjugation – theory of resonance‚ structure of alkenes‚ allyl‚ vinyl systems. 4) Acidity‚ basicity and pKa 5) Conformational Analysis - Cyclohexane 6) Stereochemistry – regioselective‚ stereoselective‚ stereospecific 5 Examples of Topics covered for
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Cyanophyta (bluegreen bacteria; Chloroxybacteria) Introduction to Cyanophyta I. II. III. IV. V. VI. Some Superlatives: Intro to Cyanobacteria Some Superlatives General Cellular Features Diversity in Reproduction Diversity in Morphology Prochlorophytes • 1st group of algae (3-4 bya) • 1st O2 producers • survive in diverse environments in ice‚ on soil‚ on bark‚ on rocks halophilic‚ thermophilic marine‚ freshwater symbiotic • Nitrogen fixation General Cellular Structure
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The microorganism maybe carried by the bloodstream from the gastrointestinal tract to the other parts of the body. Foodborne infection • Foodborne viruses and parasites are good examples of microorganism that can cause infection. An example of a bacterial infection is salmonella. 2. Foodborne Intoxication • Ingestion of a harmful toxin produced in food Foodborne Intoxication • Takes when a microorganism takes place when a living microorganism is consumed and the ingested microorganism produces
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Antibiotic Resistance and Alternatives Antibiotics have been commonly‚ though mistakenly‚ thought of as the ultimate cure‚ for almost all illness‚ for over half a century now. However‚ the intended use of antibiotics is for the treatment of bacterial infections and diseases. Viruses or fungi-related illnesses will not be affected by antibiotics. This misunderstanding of the use of antibiotics has led to overuse‚ or the misuse‚ of antibiotics‚ in a wide range of countries worldwide. As a result
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A vaccination is not a cure for a disease‚ rather a very strong form of prevention for a certain disease or virus. In a vaccination‚ a weaker form of a virus called an antigen enters the immune system and ‘trains’ the immune system to fight off the antigen with antibodies. This way if the child ever gets the real virus the immune system will be able to destroy the virus with antibodies‚ the same ones used to destroy the antigen. Vaccinations are very safe and they highly outweigh any risk factors
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