of the symptoms. The study of meningitis dates back to the 1960’s when the causative organisms were discovered and treatments were developed. Since then the mortality rate from bacterial meningitis has not changed much despite the introduction of new antibiotics and treatments (Hussein 360). In the case of bacterial meningitis no one casual organism causes all of the cases‚ but rather there are many that capable of causing it. Although there are many causal organisms‚ there are three that are
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TOPIC 1- INTRO TO CELL BIOLOGY Cell Theory: 1) all organisms consist of one or more cells 2) the cell is the basic unit of structure for all organisms (Theodor Schwann) 3) all cells arise only from pre-existing cells (i.e cell= basic unit of reproduction) (Rudolf Virchow) Cells have enormous diversity (function and size)‚ but have unity (similar basic chemistry i.e DNA‚ ATP‚ metabolism‚ etc.) ** units: 1µm= 10-6m‚ 1nm= 10-9 m (typical prokaryote is 1-5µm‚ typical eukaryote is 10-30 µm)
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g fgrowth factorTransforming growth factor beta From Wikipedia‚ the free encyclopedia Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is a protein that controls proliferation‚ cellular differentiation‚ and other functions in most cells. It is a type of cytokine which plays a role in immunity‚ cancer‚ heart disease‚ diabetes‚ Marfan syndrome‚ Loeys–Dietz syndrome‚ Parkinsons Disease and AIDS. TGF-β is a secreted protein that exists in at least three isoforms called TGF-β1‚ TGF-β2 and TGF-β3. It
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Is Lupeol safe It would appear that lupeol shows no toxic effects at reasonable levels in mice. No adverse effects have yet been seen‚ and research is still at an early stage. We currently have no long term human use studies to base any assumptions on‚ nevertheless I’m sure we’ll start seeing those pretty quickly. I have to stress that many of the studies on lupeol are conducted either in the lab (in-vitro) or in the murine model (in mice) and don’t necceserily mean these effects will be translated
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Basic Modes of Operation 2.1. Batch culture Batch fermentation refers to a partially closed system in which most of the materials required are loaded onto the fermentor‚ decontaminated before the process starts and then‚ removed at the end. The only material added and removed during the course of a batch fermentation is the gas exchange and pH control solutions. In this mode of operation‚ conditions are continuously changing with time‚ and the fermentor is an unsteady-state system‚ although in
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Bacteria Growth Requirements Microbiology Life as we now it has ended. What is left you ask? Well it is said the only thing that could survive an incident that could end our known way of life is a roach and a pack or Twinkies. In truth the great survivor would be microorganisms. Microorganisms can survive where most cannot due to their size‚ nutritional needs‚ energy requirements‚ and are very good at adapting to different environments (Black 2008). Microorganisms require two things to
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Bacterial Diversity Project John FreesackSection A24 Kim Daffer‚ John Chang September 23‚ 2012 Introduction: Bacteria are everywhere. Some can be seen with the naked eye and some require a microscope but how do we distinguish one kind of bacteria from another? To answer this question‚ we were required to complete three bacterial labs that helped us to understand what microorganisms are and how to identify and classify them. Thus‚ the main purpose of this project is to identify our unknown microorganisms
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Study Guide for Quiz 1 What is gastrulation? What layers are formed during this process? The process in which a gastrula develops from a blastula by the inward migration of cells. Goes from one layer to three. Endoderm Mesoderm Ectoderm What is a chimera? a single organism that is composed of two or more different populations of genetically distinct cells that originate from different zygotes involved in sexual reproduction Understand the types of injuries/assaults an early embryo can
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identify an organism from a mixture of two unknown bacterial species. In order to accomplish this‚ I first plated my unknown mixture on Tryptic Soy Agar (TSA)‚ Columbia Naladixic Acid (CNA)‚ and MacConkey’s Agar (MAC) plates. After 48 hours of incubation‚ it was unclear that two different bacterial colonies had grown on my TSA plate. Only one type of colony was evident. However‚ it was apparent that I had successfully isolated two different bacterial species by examining my MAC and CNA plates. Only
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The Effects of Antibiotics on Bacterial Growth Biology II 1996 Bacteria are the most common and ancient microorganisms on earth. Most bacteria are microscopic‚ measuring 1 micron in length. However‚ colonies of bacteria grown in a laboratory petri dish can be seen with the unaided eye. There are many divisions and classifications of bacteria that assist in identifying them. The first two types of bacteria are archaebacteria and eubacteria. Both groups have common ancestors dating to more
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