CELL DIVISION Important Formula #1 In case of animal cells‚ cytokinesis takes place through cell furrow (centripetal). Cytokinesis takes place in plants by the formation of cell plate (centrifugal). Important Formula #2 Meiosis causes reduction chromosome number‚ so it is also known as reduction division. CELL RESPIRATION Important Formula #1 For oxidative phosphorylation‚ 2.5 ATP are produced per NADH and 1.5ATP per FADH2. (Approx.) Important Formula #2 Non-germinating live seeds and
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Practice Exam #4 – Chapters 12‚ 13‚ 14 & 15 1) What would normally be found within the central canal of the spinal cord? a) Blood b) Myelin c) Cerebrospinal fluid d) Air e) Gray matter 2) The filum terminale is a) The roots of spinal nerves hanging inferiorly from the end of the spinal cord in the vertebral column b) An indentation on the dorsal side of the spinal cored c) The tapered end of the spinal cord d) An extension of the pia mater that anchors the spinal cord to the coccyx
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Melanocytes- 8% produce melanin pigment and pass them to the keratinocytes. * Langerhans cells- phagocytes from the immune system and are easily damaged by UV light * Merkle cells- located in deepest layer of hairless skin and they are the sensory transduction. 4. Name the five epidermal layers from the outside of the skin to the inside. Tell the structure of each. * Stratum Corneum- Most superficial layer; 20–30 layers of dead cells represented only by flat membranous sacs filled with keratin
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tutorials. You need to answer 2 questions out of 6 in 2 hours. Introduction to Sensation and Perception; Psychophysics The various senses and approaches; sensory transduction (Yantis chapter 1 worth reading) What do the terms sensation and perception mean? In what way do they differ? Giving examples‚ describe a general transduction process. Evaluate the various approaches to perception research. Psychophysics: detection – absolute threshold & measurements; (Cuevas
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TERM PAPER [pic] CLONING Submitted by:- Faculty Guide :- Atul Chikara Dr. Vipin Rajawat B.tech+M.tech biotech dual degree Amity Institute of Biotechnology Roll no - 120 Acknowledgement I have beeen greatly profited from this training and generouly lavished in this course knowledgeable interaction with such great people . I express my gratitude and dedicate this page to all
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Final Exam Genetics Spring 2011 Student Name: ___________________________________________________________________________ Please see me if you have any questions 1. Which of the following is NOT a common consequence of mutations that eliminate cell-cycle checkpoints? A. polyploidy B. increased chromosomal translocations C. increased DNA damage D. aneuploidy E. Increased apoptosis 2. Attenuation is fine tuning of gene regulation of
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Antimicrobials Anti-bacterials * Need a drug selectively toxic to bacterial cells but won’t harm human cells * Many drugs that achieve this still have side effects as every drug is a poison Bacterial Infections * Immunocompromised especially vulnerable * Opportunistic infection – Infection caused by pathogens that usually do not cause disease in a healthy immune system. A compromised immune system however presents ‘opportunity’ for pathogen to infect * Prophylaxis
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Test 01 - Introduction Receptor cells use chemical transmitters to communicate with relay cells or afferent nerve fibers. In all sensory systems‚ accessory structures modify‚ in some way‚ the stimulus going to the receptor surface. Receptors are electrically polarized cells and therefore have a resting membrane potential. Stimuli produce‚ in the appropriate receptors‚ a change in the electrical properties that is known as the receptor or generator potential. The two ways in which sensory stimuli
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1] Describe the two branches of the ANS – transmitters‚ transmitter synthesis‚ outflow and major effects of each. The two branches of the Autonomic Nervous System are the sympathetic division and the parasympathetic division. The main process of the sympathetic division is to stimulate the fight-or-flight response in the body‚ which means it is in charge of stimulates actions. In the sympathetic system‚ epinephrine and norepinephrine are the main neurotransmitter. In the sympathetic system
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force‚ strain‚ liquid level‚ flow rate‚ electrical conductivity‚ etc. Transducer contains two parts that are closely related to each other i.e. the sensing element and transduction element. The sensing element is called as the sensor. It is device producing measurable response to change in physical conditions. The transduction element converts the sensor output to suitable electrical form. CHARACTERISTICS OF TRANSDUCERS 1. Ruggedness 7. Sensitivity 2. Linearity 8. Small size 3
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