mitochondria Fig. 7-2‚ Becker et al. 2009 BIO 1140 – SLIDE 2 3. Regulation of solute transport 4. Responses to external signals 5. In and out of cell and/or organelles Uphill or downhill e.g. Na+‚K+-ATPase Receptors and signal transduction e.g. ß-adrenoreceptor Cell-to-cell communication Recognition‚ adhesion‚ exchange of materials Gap junctions‚ plasmodesmata Fig. 7-2‚ Becker et al. 2009 BIO 1140 – SLIDE 3 Plasma membrane of Schwann cell (myelin sheath) 18%
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Which of the following is most likely to occur when a tumor-suppressor gene is mutated? - The tumor-suppressor gene and resulting protein may lose its function and ability to suppress cell proliferation. Mutations can produce a polypeptide with increased function. - TRUE ________can convert proto-oncogenes into oncogenes. - Nonsense mutations Most human embryos that are aneuploidy - are spontaneously aborted in the first trimester. Horses and donkeys are closely related species that can
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CHAPTER 12- THE CELL CYCLE I. Concept 12.1- Cell division results in genetically identical daughter cells A. Overview 1) The continuity of life is based on the reproduction of cells or cell division. 2) The cell division process is an integral part of the cell cycle‚ the life of a cell from the time it is first formed from a dividing parent cell until its own division into two cells. B. Cellular Organization of the Genetic Material 1) A cell’s endowment of DNA‚ its genetic
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Anchorage Dependent Animal Cell Culture Animal Cell Culture: Its origin and importance Prior to discussing about the anchorage dependence of animal cell cultures‚ let us first briefly discuss animal cell culture in general and its importance. Animal cell culture has a history of over 100 years when the first attempts to grow cells were made by Ross Harrison who was able to show the development of nerve fibres from frog embryo tissue cultured in a blood clot. Physiologist Alexis Carrel was able
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the iris of the eye controls the size of the pupil so that the too much light will not be able to transfer to the eye. The lens and the cornea work together because if too much light enters the eye lid will close. The next step is the transduction. The transduction is the transmission of the image to the brain. The neural processing is the process in which different stages are transmitted throughout the body from receptors to the brain. In the next step of the perception process‚ the stimulus object
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differences between Viruses‚ Bacteria‚ Cyanobacteria‚ Achaea and Fungi. Bacteria or bacterium are unicellular microorganisms. They are essentially only a few micrometres long and form of various shapes including the spheres‚ rods and spirals. A BACTERIAL CELL Illustration courtesy of Wikipedia. A Virus (from the Latin noun virus‚ meaning toxic or poison) is a sub-microscopic particle that infect the cells of a biological organism. Illustration courtesy of mc3cb.com. BACTERIA
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carry out experiments that clearly demonstrate the different ways DNA genetic information‚ specifically transduction and conjugation. The first half of this experiment focused on exploring the mechanisms of transduction. This was done by creating a spot titer plate for phage carrying kanamycin resistance and E. coli. E. coli was then proven to have gained kanamycin resistance throughout transduction as demonstrated by its ability to grow on a medium containing kanamycin. The second half of this experiment
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Introduction to IMMUNOLOGY COURSE • Subject Agenda* Theoretical part (Lecture): 14.01----18.03----22.04.2013 Practical part (Labwork) • Study Materials: Textbook (David Male and Ivan Roitt-2006-DIR; Abul Abbas-2007AA)‚ Clips and Internet search • Classconversation@gmail.com. Pass: btiu12345 • Evaluation - Midterm Exam‚ Final Exam‚ Labwork - Assignment (Home-work‚ Topic-oriented-In-class discussion‚ Readand-Present Practice) Contact me at: R501‚ IU Building; or via email: ntthoai@hcmiu.edu
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forms. When you receive a phone call for example‚ radio waves are converted by your mobile to sound waves. This is known as signal transduction and cells communicate in a similar manner. Cell communication can usually work both ways‚ however the cell sending a signal molecule is known as the signalling cell and its message is detected by the target cell. Signal transduction comes into play when a receptor protein within the target cell converts the incoming extracellular signal into an intracellular
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An example of bottom up processing occurs in vision. Bottom-up processing beings with transduction‚ which is the conversion of stimulus energy into neural impulses. The stimulus energy is in the form of light energy (waves)‚ and this light energy enters the eye. After passing through such parts as the iris and the lens‚ the light energy reaches the retina‚ where sense receptors are located and where transduction occurs. Rods and cones are the eye’s sense receptors that produce chemical changes that
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