including the time before the amendment was attached to the Bill of Rights‚ the interpretation of the 8th Amendment‚ and how the amendment affects today’s generations is very relevant. This amendment officially states in the Constitution‚ “Excessive bail shall not be required‚ nor excessive fines imposed‚ nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted” (Annotated Constitution Eighth Amendment). This article is about the government mandating that punishments are not allowed when they are cruel or unusual
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through the nature of the functions that they perform: legislative‚ executive‚ and the judicial. The process of the criminal justice system is complicated but can be broken down in sequence; grand jury indictment‚ the arrest‚ the initial hearing‚ the bail hearing‚ the arraignment‚ plea negotiations‚ the trial‚ the verdict‚ sentencing and corrections. The legislative branch is responsible for passing laws that define illegal behavior‚ setting sentences for violation of the laws and appropriating the
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Joseph Campbell Hero’s Journey Joseph Campbell described the hero’s journey as occurring in a cycle consisting of three phases: Departure‚ where the hero leaves his comfortable and familiar world and ventures into the darkness of the unknown; Initiation‚ where the hero is subjected to a series of tests in which he must prove his character; and Return‚ in which the hero brings the boon of his quest back for the benefit of his people. The hero’s journey is about growth and passage. The journey
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Abstract Depending on which state a person is within‚ the criminal justice changes in rules‚ procedures and terms; the punishment for crimes committed within the United States are all alike. A crime is considered any act that pays no attention to the federal laws of America. However‚ not all violations of law are held to the highest standard of punishment. Offenses can differ from a speeding ticket to homicide. Depending on the offense committed will determines the result of the punishment. The
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The multicultural society Australia proudly hosts makes it difficult to develop and pin point an accurate and widely accepted national identity and idology. The three texts ’Then and Now ’ by Ooderoo of the tribe Noonuccal‚ ’Eucalyptus ’ by Murray Bail and ’Nobody Calls me a Wog anymore ’ by Kimninos‚ each reflect the different forces that have shaped and forged the Australian identity into the broad concept it is today. The poem ’Then and Now ’ by Ooderoo of the tirbe Noonuccal provides an indigenous
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Part A. 1. Conditions that give rise to law reform Changing social values: The values of societies change over time. Society is forever changing values which then place’s pressure onto the law to change and adapt over time. What is seen as as acceptable may not be considered acceptable at another time. The urge for tougher sentencing in law reform may satisfy the deserved aspects of punishment‚ but harsher penalties are not statistically shown to reduce crime rates. Thus in seeking to promote social
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of a controlled substances. 3. EXPLAIN THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN JAILS AND PRISONS – Jail is a smaller facilities and have a certain sentences and been adjusted a bail set. And who is being detain for awaiting trails for small crimes. Prison is a larger facilities for much serious crimes‚ and exceeded for a longer period of year. And no bail. 4. WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PROBATION AND PAROLE – Probation is minor crimes have been served probation instead of getting sentenced in jail or prison. It’s
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operated by many different levels of government for the keeping of accused criminals sentenced by the courts and individuals accused of crimes but not yet convicted. The components of the criminal justice process are: Intake‚ 1st appearance‚ bail‚ right to counsel‚ substance abuse evaluations‚ pre-indictment events‚ plea bargains‚ P.T.I (pretrial intervention program‚ the grand jury‚ the indictment process‚ the pre-arraignment conference and arraignment‚ the status and pretrial conferences
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The approaches used to address the crime problem seen in America are subject to political influences (Travis; Walker). Celebrated cases‚ such as those of Megan Kanka and Polly Klaas‚ can put extreme political pressure on legislatures to take extraordinary measures to control or prevent crime (Walker). In addition‚ the local evening news in most metropolitan areas begins each night with stories on the murders‚ rapes‚ and assaults that had occurred in the community. This sets the public perception
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53m (5’) See note (c) of Law 42 (A mark 1.53m/5’ from popping crease) e e e d 30cm (12”) 22.86cm (9”) 2.64m (8’8” Min 3.66m (12’) Bails The bails‚ when in position on top of the stumps (i) shall not project more than 1.27cm (1/2 inch) above them (ii) shall fit between the stumps without forcing them out of the vertical. Bails shall conform to the following specifications: Senior 10.95cm (45/16 inches) 3.49cm (13/8 inches) 5.40 cm (21/8 inches) 2.06cm (13/16 inches) Junior 9.68cm
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