Transformational Leadership and Performance Across Criteria and Levels: A Meta-Analytic Review of 25 Years of Research Gang Wang1‚ In-Sue Oh2‚ Stephen H. Courtright1‚ and Amy E. Colbert1 Group & Organization Management 36(2) 223–270 © The Author(s) 2011 Reprints and permission: http://www. sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/1059601111401017 http://gom.sagepub.com Abstract Although transformational leadership has been studied extensively‚ the magnitude of the relationship between
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ADVERTISING AND SALES PROMOTION DR. AMIT KUNDU EVALUATION OF PROMOTIONAL EFFECTIVENESS 15.1 Objectives of Measuring Advertising Effectiveness Measurable objectives enable companies to quantify the effectiveness of MC efforts. Measuring and evaluating MC programs is done to see whether objectives have been met and MC Programs have been effective (measuring the results). Accountability is a big issue in marketing communication. Evaluation and measurement provide feedback. Measuring MC efforts
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chapter 3 Band Societies © Mark Edwards/Photolibrary GOALS By the end of the chapter‚ you should be able to do the following things: • Realize that foraging societies do not struggle to survive; rather‚ they have sufficient food and plenty of leisure time Understand the importance of reciprocity as a survival strategy for foragers Describe different ways to reduce conflict Grasp the importance of kin relationships and how they differ from other types of relationships Appreciate the
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“Leadership is an art of getting someone else to do something you want done because he wants to do it.” Dwight D.Eisenhower. In the majority of companies around the world‚ management is playing a very important role in controlling and keeping everything on its track. A manager is assigned with the power and responsibility to manage a project which can be the key to develop his company. So‚ a manager is sometimes considered as a leader who takes care of managing and leading his team to accomplish
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always needed to analyze the effectiveness of training and development programmes conducted. Because in the present scenario‚ up gradation of skills and knowledge of the employees is of much importance to keep the employee updated with the present changes. At the same time‚ cost associated with training and development is also very high. So‚ this research entitled as Employee training and development on IFB industries Limited‚ Verna goa is done to analyze the effectiveness of training and development
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Introduction: Effectiveness of Internet Advertising Web advertising first appeared in 1994. Eleven years later‚ in 2005‚ U.S. companies spent $12.5 billion advertising online. No longer is that the irrational money of venture-backed start-ups with dubious business models; according to Nielsen/NetRatings‚ 25% of all display ads in 2005 promoted Fortune 500 companies. Advertisers already spent double the amount online that they spent in 2005 on billboards and other outdoor advertising
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of international law is the United Nations‚ and they govern international law through legal documents known as treaties. International law is enforced by the United Nations Security Council and the International Court of Criminal Justice. Effectiveness of International Law in Resolving Disputes International law is expanding over the years as many countries are now relying on it to solve their disputes. Most countries are part of regional organisations‚ such as the African Union and European
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ARTHUR J. KOVER STEPHEN M. GOLDBERG AND WILLIAM L. JAMES CREATIVITY VS. EFFECTIVENESS? AN INTEGRATING CLASSIFICATION FOR ADVERTISING In many agencies‚ advertising creativity and effectiveness seem almost antipathetic. This research explores consumers ’ emotional reactions to help define advertising perceived as both creative and effective. In doing this‚ the article also raises questions about some standard individual measures of advertising response‚ opting in addition for measures of emotional
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are actually there. The author uses quotations from Aristotle to support his statements and to bring it all together. Leading by Example Leadership is getting people to do things that they would not normally do on their own. There are several types of leadership styles and different styles work for different people. When most people think of leadership‚ they think of that coach yelling at his team before the big game‚ or a general talking to his soldiers before battle. In day to day life‚ in
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“Leadership cannot be taught or learned” (Drucker‚ 1955). Critically evaluate this statement. Peter Drucker as one of the best known writers and management consultants wrote that “Leadership is of utmost importance. Indeed there is no substitute for it. But leadership cannot be created or promoted. It cannot be taught or learned.” (Drucker‚ 1955) He held the view that leadership is a talent. The purpose of this essay is to
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