Describe and evaluate any two theories in developmental psychology. By Aimee Kaur This paper will focus on two theories in moral development within developmental Psychology. There are three components to our morality; these are emotional‚ cognitive and behavioural. Shaffer (1993) described morals as a “set of principles or ideals that help the individual to distinguish right from wrong and to act on this decision” In his book ’The Moral Judgement of the Child’ (1932)‚ Piaget states that ’all
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. From the dat that we are born‚ we begin a process of learning that lasts througout life. while there are many ways to define and describe learning‚ it is typically defined as a relatively permanent change in behaviour as a result of experience. one of the forms of learning is known as conditioning. Conditioning emphasise the relationship between stimuli and responses. the two types of conditioning found are classical conditioning and operent conditioning‚ learning may occur in different ways
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References: Bandura‚ A.(1997a) Social learning Theory ‚ New York ‚ Prentice Hall. Bandura‚ A.(1997b) ‘Self-efficacy :Towards a unifying theory of behavioural change’Psychological Review‚ 84 ‚ 191-215. Griffin‚ J.‚ Tyrrell‚I.‚ Winn‚D McMurran‚ M. (1994). The Psychology of Addiction. London; Taylor & Francis
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youtube.com/watch?v=Ks8D3WE-PbM Gardner‚ H Dewey‚ J. (1904). THE RELATION OF THEORY TO PRACTICE IN EDUCATION» 1». O ’Donnell‚ A. M. (2012). Educational psychology (1st Australian ed.). Milton‚ Qld.: John Wiley & Sons. Bandura‚ A. (1994). Self-efficacy. John Wiley & Sons‚ Inc.. Bandura‚ A. (1993). Perceived self-efficacy in cognitive development and functioning. Educational psychologist‚ 28(2)‚ 117-148. Gresham‚ F. M.‚ Watson‚ T. S.‚ & Skinner‚ C. H. (2001). Functional behavioral assessment: Principles
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Understanding and Supporting Behaviour Challenging behaviour is defined as any behaviour that affects the physical safety of a person or persons putting them at risk of serious harm or injury that could place individuals in danger or jeopardy. Four forms of challenging behaviour are:- Self-harm‚ using sharp objects to cause injury e.g. cutting slashes skin to cause scars and bleeding. Withdrawn behaviours‚ such as; speaking behind a hand‚ non-verbalisation‚ having a hood over the head‚ hiding
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Question 1.1. The following are all examples of descriptive research EXCEPT: (Points : 1) case studies. correlation research design. naturalistic observations. surveys. Question 2.2. A scientist studied whether climate affected growth in rats. All rats were the same age and from the same parent rats. For the study‚ they were raised in three distinct climates: tropical‚ arctic‚ and multiseasonal. In this study‚ the climates are _______________. (Points : 1)
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problem-based‚ and community-based learning practices and promotes self-monitoring and self-assessment. Beliefs and Perceptions According to Bandura (1977)‚ self-efficacy is mediated by a person’s beliefs or expectations about his/her capacity to accomplish certain tasks successfully or demonstrate certain behaviors (Hackett and Betz 1981). Bandura postulates that these expectations determine whether or not a certain behavior or performance will be attempted‚ the amount of effort the individual
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development-and-what-you-could-do-to-raise-a-healthy-child/ Cherry‚ Kendra. Background and Key Concepts of Piaget ’s Theory-Stages of Cognitive Development. Retrieved January 11‚ 2011 from http://psychology.about.com/od/piagetstheory/a/keyconcepts.htm Cherry‚ Kendra. An Overview of Bandura ’s Social Learning-Theory. Retrieved January 11‚ 2011 from http://psychology.about.com/od/developmentalpsychology/a/sociallearning.htm Papalia‚ D.E.‚ Olds‚ S.W.‚ & Feldman‚ R.D. (2008). A Child ’s World: Infancy through Adolescence. McGraw-Hill
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Conditioning and Learning From the moment any living being is born to the moment it dies‚ they are constantly learning. Learning is a change in behavior based on previous experiences. It may involve processing and interpreting many different types of information. Learning functions are performed by different brain learning processes‚ which depend on the dynamic mental capacities of the learning subject. There are three main forms of learning for the human mind: classical conditioning‚ operant conditioning
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acquisition is the modeling/learning process. That is very important for the nursing profession. According to the Social Cognitive Theory‚ effective modeling educates strategies and general rules necessary for dealing with various life situations (Bandura‚ 2009). This is similar to how the student nurses learn nursing skills during their college years. When student nurses started working with their clinical instructors‚ who are registered and practicing nurses‚ they are being taught new nursing methods
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