NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY‚ CALIFORNIA THESIS NIGERIA AND THE BOKO HARAM SECT: ADOPTING A BETTER STRATEGY FOR RESOLVING THE CRISIS by Aminu Mohammed Umar June 2013 Thesis Co-Advisors: Hafez Mohammed Jessica R. Piombo Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response
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Internet fraud is a problem that has become very widespread in recent years. Internet fraud was first monitored by the Internet Fraud Watch organization in 1996. The Fraud Watch has stated that each year after its inception internet fraud has increased. In 1998‚ the Securities and Exchange Commission established the Office of Internet Enforcement to fight online securities fraud which was another sign of how large the problem is becoming (Clausing). Despite the SEC¡¦s efforts this problem has
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Introduction Occupational fraud is said to be that fraud perpetrated by an employee of an organization against his organization. According to the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners (ACFE)‚ “occupational fraud is the use of one’s occupation for personal enrichment through the deliberate misuse or misapplication of the employing organization’s resources or assets.” (ACFE‚ 2006). These perpetrators use deceit and or trickery to misuse and or steal the resources of the organization for their
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approach of detecting fraud is anonymous tips and complaints. An organization like business entity should guide employees to provide useful information and to provide various ways and methods for individuals to contribute such kind of information. On the other hand‚ when the organization received the information provided‚ it should have an effective and efficient way to collect and process these complaints‚ dissatisfaction and information. 2. One of the important thing in fraud investigation is timing
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Parmalat‚ Europe’s Enron of fraud‚ undermined European accounting and reporting standards. The fraud‚ totaling nearly 18 billion euros‚ brought down the Italian dairy giant and ruined investors across the globe. Such a enormous fraud‚ some would assume‚ would need to be highly complex and fully developed in plan as well as execution. However‚ as Parmalat executives began to cooperate in the investigation‚ it was uncovered how rudimentary their fraud was despite the enormity in which it occurred.
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The 10 biggest frauds in recent U.S. History Enron: The energy company’s bankruptcy in 2001 after allegations of massive accounting fraud wiped out $78 billion in stock market value and led to the collapse of Arthur Andersen and the passage of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. A class action settlement of $7.185 billion was the largest of all time. Former President Jeff Skilling is serving a 24 year sentence. Bernard Madoff: New York money manager Bernard Madoff’s $65 billion Ponzi scheme‚ the
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Anti Fraud Programs and Controls (Deloitte) What is Fraud? The Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) defines fraud as “an intentional act that results in a material misstatement in financial statements that are the subject of an audit. Two types of misstatements relevant to the auditor’s consideration of fraud include: misstatements arising from fraudulent financial reporting and misstatements arising from misappropriation of assets.” There are additional types of fraud that should also
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Chapter one 1.0 Introduction Database system developed because of the need to store large amount of data and retrieve that data quickly and accurately for example‚ a University abrary stores details about the books held and loans taken out by student. Not very long ago this information about the books and loads might have been stored in a box card index‚ nowadays‚ only a few decades later‚ student are able to view their loans online and see if a book is available and reserve it. The abrary staff
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remaining deadlocked on most of the counts against him. Because the Adelphia scandal emerged after the one at Enron‚ and the company was smaller in size than WorldCom or Tyco‚ it has garnered less public attention. But for the sheer audacity of the fraud‚ it ranks high up on the list. Adelphia executives testified that they routinely made up numbers that they gave to investors and lenders‚ even while the Rigases regularly withdrew money from the company without making reimbursements. Testimony at the
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If you’ve ever laced your fingers together‚ turned your palms away from you and bent your fingers back‚ you know what knuckle popping sounds like. Joints produce that CRACK when bubbles burst in the fluid surrounding the joint. Joints are the meeting points of two separate bones‚ held together and in place by connective tissues and ligaments. All of the joints in our bodies are surrounded by synovial fluid‚ a thick‚ clear liquid. When you stretch or bend your finger to pop the knuckle‚ you’re causing
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