concept of a conjugate acid-base pair. Using equilibrium law and K‚ explain the relationship between the strength of an acid/base and its conjugate. Conjugate Acid-Base Pair: Conjugate acids and bases were presented by Bronsted-Lowry‚ who was a chemist who proposed the theory that both acids and bases required the transfer of a proton in order for there to be a reaction. An acid will donate a proton (proton donor)‚ forming what is considered to be a conjugate base. When the base accepts a proton (proton
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LAB REPORT 5 – ACID/BASE CHEMISTRY No credit will be given for this lab report if the Data section is not completely filled out and if the required photographs are not received. At least one photograph must show the student’s face. NOTE: This experiment is rather lengthy. Plan accordingly. OBJECTIVES 1. Define strong electrolyte‚ weak electrolyte‚ nonelectrolyte‚ acid‚ base‚ salt‚ strong acid‚ weak acid‚ strong base‚ weak base‚ and neutralization reaction. 2. Compare and contrast the chemical
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Exercise 6: Acid-Base Titrations Nick Redmond Partner: Stephan Villavicencio Thurs. Section Lab date: March 19‚ 1998 Report date: April 6‚ 1998 Abstract: The equilibrium between acids and bases during a titration can be used to determine several characteristics of the acid or the base. Sodium hydroxide was standardized to 0.1035 M in three acid-base titrations of potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHP). This standardized NaOH solution was then used in a series of other titrations with acids
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Acid-Base Titration Using a pH Meter Bradley Holloway and Jennifer Parker Period 6 April 16‚ 2013 Introduction: In chemistry‚ the ability to find molarities of acidic and basic solutions is a convenient way to convert between moles of solute and the volumes of their solutions. Through the process of titration‚ the molarity of these acids and bases can be found to a high level of precision. To begin titration‚ one solution is added to a second solution slowly until a certain point
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ACID BASE TITRATION OBJECTIVES 1. To demonstrate the basic laboratory technique of titration 2. To learn to calculate molarity based on titrations INTRODUCTION Molarity (M) or molar concentration is a common unit for expressing the concentration of solutions. It is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution (or millimoles of solute per milliliter of solution). The concentration of a basic solution can be determined by titrating it with a volume of a standard acid solution (of
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ACIDS AND BASES The reason that acid-base reactions are so important is that many of the things you come into contact with on a daily basis are either acids or bases. Most fruits are acids‚ as are carbonated beverages‚ tea‚ and battery acid. Common household bases include baking soda‚ ammonia‚ soap‚ and antacids. What are acids and bases? There are not one but three common definitions used to describe acids and bases: 1. Arrhenius acids and bases 2. Brønsted-Lowry acids and bases 3. Lewis acids
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Acid-Base Strengths of Organic Compounds By: Chris Frankmore Due Date: February 15‚ 2011 Resonance Benzenesulfonic Acid Benzoic Acid Benzyl Alcohol Benzylamine P-Cresol P-Toluidine Acid/Base | Structure | pH | Why It is a strong/weak acid/base | Benzenesulfonic Acid | | 1 | This is a strong acid because it has a pH of 1. Another reason why this is a strong acid is that its conjugate base has strong resonance stabilization
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1. Aim: To determine the weight-to-volume percent of acetic acid present in commercial vinegar and the weight-to-volume percent of ammonia present in window cleaners. Acid-base titrations can be conducted using the above samples against standardized aqueous NaOH and standardized aqueous HCl solutions respectively. 2. Introduction: Acetic acid‚ commonly known as ethanoic acid CH3COOH‚ is found in commercial vinegar. It is a weak organic acid that gives vinegar its characteristic pungent smell‚
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equivalence points in acid-base titrations Objectives 1. To understand the importance of choosing suitable indicators for detecting the end points of acid-base titrations. 2. To obtain titration curves for some acid-base titrations. Introduction Indicator is usually a weak organic acid or base that has distinctly different colours in its protonated and deprotonated forms. There are 4 types of acid-base titrations such as strong acid-weak base titration‚ weak acid-strong base titration‚ strong
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GOTTHARD BASE TUNNEL‚ SWITZERLAND 1. INTRODUCTION Currently under construction to stretch a record length of 57 km‚ the Gotthard Base tunnel located in Switzerland spans the north of Europe‚ spanning through the Swiss Alps to the south of Europe. This railway tunnel has been designed to bypass the inefficient route of windy roads and cutting down travel time. The Gotthard Base tunnel consisting of twin tunnels is connected by cross passages at every 325m. The twin tunnels have been constructed
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