The 5th state of matter INTRODUCTION Ice is transformed to water at 0°C when the energy of its molecules (particles) increases. Water is similarly transformed to vapor at 100°C (Fig.1). Much stronger zigzag motion of the particles separates and ionizes hydrogen and oxygen i.e. plasma comes into existence (above 13 000 K). Do all bodies fit one of these four states of matter? The answer is: no‚ e.g. the solar corona does not! Fig. 1 The temperature scale. It starts at 0K. Is it infinite long
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more atoms. The bond is caused by the electrostatic force of attraction between opposite charges‚ either between electrons and nuclei‚ or as the result of a dipole attraction. The strength of chemical bonds varies considerably; there are "strong bonds" such as covalent or ionic bonds and "weak bonds" such as dipole–dipole interactions‚ the London dispersion force and hydrogen bonding. Since opposite charges attract via a simple electromagnetic force‚ the negatively charged electrons that are orbiting
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compound with a solvent (such as water) to produce mobile ions. An ionic compound is fused by heating An electrical potential is applied across a pair of electrodes immersed in the electrolyte. Each electrode attracts ions that are of the opposite charge. Positively charged ions (cations) move towards the electron-providing (negative) cathode. Negatively charged ions (anions) move towards the electron-extracting (positive) anode. In this process electrons are either absorbed or released. Neutral atoms
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Doctor’s surgery. There are two types of circuit’s Parallel circuit‚ and Series circuit. First I am going to explain what a circuit is and what the differences they have are. An electric current is a flow of charge. The charges are given energy and made of flow using a cell or a battery. Charges can flow easily through connecting wire. The cell‚ wires‚ lamp and a switch‚ all these components are connected together and make a loop called a circuit. Current will only flow through a component if there
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Physics Electricity and Magnetism Assignment # 2 Due Date: 15 November 2013 1. a) Write brief notes on the Hall effect. Show on a diagram the polarity of the Hall Voltage‚ together with a given current and magnetic field direction‚ assuming the charge carriers to be conduction electrons. [5] b) Define electric dipole and the electric dipole moment. Write down an expression‚ in vector form‚ and show graphically the electric field intensity at point P on the normal to the axis of the
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28th: Returned goods worth Rs 2‚000 to Rahul. April 15th: Raj returned goods worth Rs 3‚000. May 8th: Paid salary to staff Rs 4‚000. May 22nd: Paid Rs 18‚000 to Rahul on account; 6‚000 by cash and 12‚000 by cheque June 11th: Paid electricity charges Rs 7‚000. June 25th: Received Rs 27‚000 from Raj on account; 15000 by cash and 12‚000 by cheque. July 2nd: Withdrew Rs 10‚000 cash for Samya’s personal use July 18th: Purchased goods worth Rs 30‚000 on credit from John. Aug 10th: Withdrew
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An important factor in understanding the value of a product or service to a customer is to understand what potential benefit they will derive from it‚ how they can set about deriving it and how external factors affect it. Understanding these essential facts assists in the establishment of the product‚ pricing and promotional strategy‚ marketing support services and value added services necessary to the successful introduction and support of the product in the market place The above approach
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so the only variable would be their masses and thus deflection is based on their mass on charge ratio (m/z) ratio. Stage 4: Detection The beam of ions passing through the machine is detected electrically. What the mass spectrometer output looks like The output from the chart recorder is usually simplified into a "stick diagram". This shows the relative current produced by ions of varying mass/charge ratio. The stick diagram for molybdenum looks like this: [pic] You may find diagrams in
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Solar Prominences 5.2 Plasma Rockets 6. Conclusion 7. References Table of Variables & Constants: ε0 Permittivity of free space k Coulomb Constant‚ 9×109 N m2 C-2 Efficiency τ Confinement time ω Angular frequency v Velocity q Charge m Mass e Electron charge U Potential energy F Force B Magnetic field P Power E Electric field V Voltage T Period or Temperature 1. Introduction: Until recently‚ looking at pictures similar to the one above had caused me to wonder; could this be a creation
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PHYSICS HIGHER SECONDARY SECOND YEAR VOLUME - I Revised based on the recommendation of the Textbook Development Committee Untouchability is a sin Untouchability is a crime Untouchability is inhuman TAMILNADU TEXTBOOK CORPORATION COLLEGE ROAD‚ CHENNAI - 600 006 c Government of Tamilnadu First edition - 2005 Revised edition - 2007 Dr. S. GUNASEKARAN Reader Post Graduate and Research Department of Physics Pachaiyappa’s College‚ Chennai - 600 030 CHAIRPERSON Reviewers P SARVAJANA
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