a tradition of common law (UK)‚ specific accounting rules are established by the profession or by an independent nongovernmental body representing a variety of constituencies. Thus‚ the type of legal system in a country tends to determine whether the primary source of accounting rules is the government or a nongovernmental organization. Code Law: the accounting law tends to be rather general and does not provide much detail regarding specific accounting practices and may provide no guidance at all
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Accountants follow professional guidelines for measurement and disclosure of financial information. These are called generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). In the United States‚ the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) formulates GAAP. The International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) sets global or International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS)‚ the two basic types of external providers of capital include investors (who exchange cash for stock) and creditors (who loan cash)
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References: Epstein‚ M. (2010). Advances in Management Accounting. Emerald Group Publishing. gross profit margin ratio. (n.d.). Retrieved May 02‚ 2014‚ from investopedia: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/g/gross_profit_margin.asp Heath‚ J IFRS and US GAAP: similarities and differences. (n.d.). Retrieved April
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Though we often think of the field of accounting as a single discipline‚ there are‚ in fact‚ several specialties that are practiced. These include financial accounting‚ managerial accounting‚ tax accounting‚ cost accounting‚ international accounting and social accounting‚ among others. Of these‚ the former two classes of accounting are the most common. This paper will explore the key differences between financial and managerial accounting and discuss some of the standards of ethical conduct placed
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The Financial Accounting Standards Board employs a "due process" system which (Points: 5) has all CPAs in the United States vote on a new Statement. enables interested parties to express their views on issues under consideration. identifies the accounting issues that are the most important. requires that all accountants receive a copy of financial standards. 2. (TCO A) The IASB: (Points: 5) governs accounting standards in the U.S. is working on a convergence project with the FASB. sets the
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Financial Accounting and Reporting Case: America Online 1. What accounting approach has AOL used in the past that it is now changing (related to the $385 million)? AOL‚ prior to October 1‚ 1996‚ recorded the expenditure related to subscribers acquisitions as an asset and amortized monthly over a period < 24 months. This was a strongly criticized approach. Furthermore‚ the accounting approach in the article is considered aggressive. In October 1996‚ they discontinued capitalizing customer acquisition
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Financial Accounting Course Objectives: This course introduces the fundamentals of financial accounting to graduate students. Throughout the course‚ communication skills will be emphasized. After completing the course‚ a student is expected to understand how accounting information is produced‚ interpret and analyze financial statements‚ communicate firms’ financial health and appreciate ethical issues in accounting. Since the course content will be approached from the perspective of a user‚ rather
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No.6 (Serial No.61) Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing‚ ISSN 1548-6583‚ USA Fair value accounting under financial crisis HE Cai-xia1‚ ZHANG Chi2 (1. School of Accounting‚ Zhongnan University of Economics and Law‚ Wuhan 430073‚ China; 2. School of Management‚ Huazhong University of Science and Technology‚ Wuhan 430073‚ China) Abstract: The recent financial crisis has led to a vigorous debate about the pros and cons of fair-value accounting (FVA). This debate presents a major challenge
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Managerial and Financial Accounting Report FIN540 Accounting for Managerial Decision Making Abstract Financial accounting develops account information that is used by external parties such as stockholders‚ suppliers‚ banks‚ and government regulatory agencies in their decision-making. Management accounting develops confidential accounting information that is used by managers within an organization. Management accounting is a complex process of identifying‚ accumulating and analyzing information
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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING 1.1 USE‚ PREPARATION AND CONCEPTS * Use: The information derived from financial accounting is used by managers‚ investors‚ bankers‚ financial analysts and accountants‚ helping them to learn how to use information effectively and to do their jobs better. This information is essential to accountants for the services they provide. * Preparation: to be effective users of accounting information‚ people need to know something about how and
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