year. These drugs have a patent life of seventeen (17) years. However‚ since it takes on average twelve (12) years to get the drug to market‚ manufactures have only five (5) years in the market to recoup their heavy research and development costs. After the patent expires we move to our next strategic group; the generic prescription drug makers. Pharmaceutical R&D expenditure in the UK Pharma R&D expenditure £ millionPharma R&D as a % of output1 1972427 198554614 19901‚14017 19911‚23917 19921
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Tayabas‚ his home province. He was elected governor of Tayabas in 1905 and in 1907‚ first assemblyman from the province to the First Philippine National Assembly.In 1909‚ he was appointed resident commissioner to the U.S. and when he finished his term after eight years‚ he returned to the Philippines to become President of the Philippine Senate‚ created by the Jones Law. He was also top man of the ruling Nacionalista Party. Quezon’s term (1935 - 1944)‚ though chiefly known for making Pilipino the national
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Instructions for merging fluorescent images with GIMP The purpose of this manipulation is to overlay several images of the same cells to make better sense of them. To this end‚ you will attempt to maximize the appearance of multiple fluorescent signals while still allowing the DIC image to be seen. 1) Go to File > Open as layers... and select the images to be merged. 2) If the “layers‚ channels‚ paths..” window is not visible‚ go to Windows > Dockable Dialogs > Layers and the layers window
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Material total‚ price and usage Practor & Gamble original budget for the product Alpha 577 does not include the variances in material total‚ price and usage. To create a budget‚ its necessary to calculate all the direct and indirect costs‚ usage and their variances of the materials used. The direct material costs can be traced in full to the product‚ service or department that is being cost. The indirect material costs cannot be traced directly to the product‚ service or department and are
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Manjuswari Pokharel MBA Fall 2009 The Evolution of Strategy at Proctor & Gamble Proctor and Gamble was established in 1837 and was one of the largest manufacturers of customer products. It has operations in 80 countries and employs 100‚000 people globally. It established its first foreign plant in 1915 in Canada and the company’s first subsidiary was established in 1930s in Britain. The business expanded to many countries by 50s and 60s. By the late 1970s‚ P&G had a decentralized market with
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P&G Case Study 10/28/09 Procter & Gamble (P&G) has a lengthy history of providing a value-driven‚ ethical workplace culture. Product globalization created threatening issues to their success during the early 1990s. It was determined by company leadership in the mid-90s‚ that it was necessary to change the workplace product development model in order to remain highly competitive in the global economy. P&G had a reputation of fair treatment of employees‚ including being one of the first
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Case study discussion – Gillette loses face This is a deceptively simple-looking case. The lazy student will simply adopt the critical line on the company’s strategy being fed to him or her by Jeremy Kahn‚ the author of the article. In fact‚ things are by no means so clear-cut‚ students need to do some careful analysis‚ particularly in the area of Gillette’s corporate-level strategy‚ before this becomes plain. They have to be prepared to think hard about the success factors in the different businesses
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Secret Proctor & Gamble Figure Secret Line Since 1956 Proctor & Gamble has been selling the Secret Brand deodorant. This deodorant is marketed as an antiperspirant/deodorant and is targeted and manufactured just for women. Our cultural and social environment create a pressure to smell good and be sweat free‚ thus we use deodorants. It satisfies our personal needs‚ and is a product that typically you always have and use daily. This is an item that never goes out of style; all
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Directional Policy Matrix 1. Introduction Many large companies comprise several distinct divisions or strategic business units (SBUs). So one of the challenges facing the parent company of a multi-divisional company is to allocate resources to each division. So in order to make wise decisions on resource allocation‚ is there a tool that can assist senior executives determine the direction for each division or SBU? Actually there are two tools‚ the BCG matrix and the Directional Policy Matrix (DPM). We have
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Proctor and Gamble (P&G) over its journey of about 175 years has become one of the world’s largest consumer goods Company with sales of nearly $80 billion and a net profit of about $10 billion. P&G has a presence in more than 180 countries with brands that accumulate to in excess of $25 billion. The company has achieved success by creating high quality brand recognized products that are sold on multinational level. It enjoys one of the largest brand names in household
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