Question 1 a) What is meant by a load path? A load path is the transfer of loads and forces from the through the building to the bottom of the building‚ following the most direct structural path. b) Sketch an example of a load path from roof cladding to foundation for a brick veneer dwelling with trussed roof. Label clearly and indicate the load path with arrows. Diagram 1.b Page 3 Question 2 Outline the roles of the following people in the design of a building: Architect:
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Chapter 2 Solutions Page 1 of 19 Problem 2.1 a) See Appendix A and Appendix B for weights of roofing‚ sheathing‚ framing‚ insulation‚ and gypsum wallboard. Asphalt shingles 3/8 in. plywood sheathing (3/8 in.) (3.0 psf/in) 2x6 @ 16 in. o.c. Fiberglass loose insulation (5.5 in.) (0.5 psf/in) Gypsum wallboard (1/2 in.) (5.0 psf/in) Roof Dead Load (D) along roof slope Convert D to load on a horizontal plane: = 2.0 psf = 1.1 psf = 1.4 psf = 2.75 psf = 2.5 psf = 9.75 psf Roof
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then pass it to our supervisor. They assigned us to research about the stiffener column and lintel beam that is used on the mall. Stiffener column is anything which is supporting to a beam or column to eliminate the buckling failure due to high deflection and unbalanced eccentric load with a shear tab. The shear tab is welded to the main part and bolted to the secondary part web. The secondary beam can be leveled or sloped. There is a Shaped shear tab with column stiffeners‚ shaped shear tab with
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piles used with this method are usually small diameter bored piles Cantilever Beams This method stabilises existing wall foundations either internally or externally whichever the most appropriate. Two mini-piles are installed‚ one compression and one tension. A pocket is broken out into the existing wall and a reinforced concrete beam is cast linking the two piles. This system is used where traditional underpinning is not appropriate due to the existing
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along the given strong axis‚ the object is shown to go out of plane and such buckling is known as lateral buckling. The critical value of the applied moment is shown to lead to cause several different out-of-plane displacements in the straight elastic beam. Torsional buckling is yet another type of buckling that commonly takes place in the plates. This particular buckling is very common in the members that are double-symmetric in nature and also simultaneously lead to the occurrence of extremely slender
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Testing Laboratory BUCKLING OF A COLUMN Objective The primary purpose of this experiment is to verify the critical load for buckling‚ relationship among the bending-moment and deflections‚ for different end conditions when a rectangular beam is subjected to axial loading. Theory A column is a member subjected to axial compressive forces. When a column is concentrically loaded‚ it is expected to reach its yield stress. But usually prior to yielding‚ when the force in the column reaches
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systems Portal frame and skeletal systems consist of linear elements (beams‚ columns) of different shapes and sizes‚ combined to form the skeleton of a building. They are very suitable for buildings‚ which need a high degree of flexibility. This is mainly because of the possibility to use large spans and to achieve open spaces without interfering walls. There are two basic types: The portal frame‚ consisting of columns and roof beams‚ and used for single-storey retail warehousing and industrial manufacturing
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are provided for applying loading to the beams. One set of dial gauges to 0.01 mm resolution‚ complete with mounting brackets are employed for the measurement of the beam deflection. A theory and experiment Work Sheet is provided for students to follow the appropriate procedure of operation and computation. Experimental Capabilities 1. To investigate the relationship between load‚ span width‚ height (depth) and deflection of a simply supported beam. 2. To ascertain the Coefficient of Elasticity
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7: Deflection of beams (Effect of beam length and width) 1. OBJECTIVE The objective of this laboratory experiment is to find the relationship between the deflection (y) at the centre of a simply supported beam and the span‚ width. 2. MATERIALS - APPARATUS Steel Beams‚ Deflection measuring device‚ 500g weight 3. INTRODUCTORY INFORMATION The deflection of a beam‚ y‚ will depend on many factors such as: - The applied load F (F=m•g). The span L. The width of the beam b‚ and its thickness
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PARTS OF CEILING Introduction A ’coupled’ roof is a conventional roof that is constructed on-site. It uses ceiling joists‚ hanging beams‚ strutting beams‚ struts‚ underpurlins‚ collar ties‚ rafters and ridgeboards. Ceiling joists -The ceiling joists have a double function: --they provide the structure onto which the ceiling is fixed --they are the member that connects or ties the lower ends of rafter couples (pairs). Therefore‚ they prevent the rafters spreading and causing the roof to
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