Membrane Transport Process Process Energy Source Description Examples Passive processes Simple diffusion Kinetic energy Kinetic energy Net movement of particles (ions. molecules. etc.) from an area of their higher concentration to an area of their lower concentration. that is. along their concentration gradient Movement of fats‚ oxygen‚ carbon dioxide through the lipid portion of the membrane‚ and ions through protein channels under certain conditions Osmosis Kinetic energy Simple diffusion
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Lab 3 – Homework 1. Purpose of today’s experiment: To determine the effect osmotic pressure might have on cellular membranes‚ specifically when beet slices are placed in NaCl solutions of varying concentrations. 2. Hypothesis: The osmolarity will directly increase with increasing NaCl concentrations. 3. Control = Distilled Water – this was present in all solutions 4. The independent variable – salinity of the 6 solutions; while predetermined‚ the NaCl concentrations varied from 0% to 15%.
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Membrane Transport Christopher Gaita‚ Deija Williams‚ Elisabeth Johnston & Megan Lade University of Phoenix (Online Campus) Amy Sullivan Introduction: Membrane Transport • What is membrane transport • Types – – – – Diffusion Osmosis Active Transport Endocytosis/Exocytosis Photo Courtesy Of: http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/biology/celmem.html Osmosis • Example: A semipermeable membrane bag containing a 30% sugar solution is placed in a beaker of pure water. – Diffusion or osmosis
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the water surrounding the beetroot‚ the more coloured the water around the beetroot was. This is shown in the graph by: at 0°C‚ the water surrounding the beetroot was fairly pink and had an averaged amount of 0.074 absorbency. At 80°C‚ the water surrounding the beetroot was very pink almost red‚ and had an average of 0.982 absorbency. Conclusion The hypothesis was that beetroot left to diffuse at a higher temperature will have a higher % absorption of light than beetroot but to diffuse at a lower
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Bacterial Energetics and Membranes Abstract The Mg2+/Ca2+ ATP synthase present in all bacterial membranes‚ particularly E. coli‚ couples ATP synthesis to the proton (H+) gradient produced by the ETC‚ a process known as oxidative phosphorylation. The gradient acts to power the ATPase‚ so that it may phosphorylate ADP to produce ATP. The reverse reaction of this process‚ or hydrolysis of ATP into ADP and Pi‚ may be used to observe ATPase activity when the resulting Pi is quantitatively measured
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Bacteria Bacteria are microscopic organisms whose single cells have neither a membrane-enclosed nucleus nor other membrane-enclosed organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts. Another group of microbes‚ the archaea‚ meet these criteria but are very different from the bacteria in other ways. In fact‚ there is considerable evidence that you are more closely related to the archaea than they are to the bacteria! Bacteria are living things that are neither plants nor animals‚ but belong to a group
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Cells‚ Cell Division‚ and Cell Specialization Fundamentally Different Types of Cell Prokaryotic Cell- single celled: only DNA+ structure (“before nucleus”) E.g. zygote-complete DNA Eukaryotic Cell-multi-celled (“after nucleus”) Prokaryotes Eukaryotes DNA In “nucleoid” region Within membrane-bound nucleus Chromosomes Single‚ circular Multiple‚ linear Organelles None Membrane-bound organelles Size Usually smaller Usually larger- 50 times Organization Usually single-celled Often multicellular
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anything covered in lecture may appear on the exam. Membrane Transport 1. Describe the cell permeability and membrane transport. What can enter/exit the cell on its own? What requires assistance? Why? 2. Describe membrane potential. What is it? How is it established? How does it influence the transport of charged molecules? What are the components of the electrochemical gradient? 3. What are the different types of membrane transport? Describe each in detail. Which move solutes
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Biology Experiment Absorbance of Beet Root Sarah Hsu Y 11 Hope Purpose The beetroot experiment is to investigate and understand the affect different temperatures have on cell membrane structures. Hypothesis The higher the temperature is‚ the higher the rate of absorbance of the cell membrane will be. Variables Controlled Variables | Independent Variables | Dependent Variables | The length of the beetroot placed into the test tube. | The temperature of the water bath. | The absorbance
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Resting membrane potentials Definition: Large nerve fibers when not transmitting nerve signals is about 90 millivolt. That is‚ the potential inside the fiber is 90 millivolts more negative than the potential in the extracellular fluid on the outside of the fiber. The Na+-k+ pump also causes large concentration gradients for sodium and potassium across the resting nerve membrane. These gradients are the following: Sodium ( outside): 142 mEq/L Sodium ( inside): 14 mEq/L Potassium ( outside):
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