BIOL 2010 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY I Chapter 4: TISSUES AND MEMBRANES Outline of Notes I. Introduction. A. General: Cells are highly specialized and interdependent on one another. Groups of similar cells performing similar functions are called Tissues The study of tissues is called Histology. Organs are made of tissues. A detailed understanding of tissues will greatly help your understanding of organs and organ systems later in this course. Tissues are classified into 4 main types:
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purple colour of Beetroots is caused by a pigment called betalain that is found within the vacuole of the beetroot cells. The pigment remains intact within the cell if the cells are not “stressed” by the external environment. In this exploration‚ two factors that affect the movement of the betalain out of the beetroot cells will be explored – surface area of the beetroot and the change in the external environment. I hypothesize that the 4ml of 50% alcohol in which the beetroot cells are submerged
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sugar the mass of beetroot decreased. This happened because water moved from the inside of the beetroot‚ where there was a high water potential into the sugar solution‚ which had a lower water potential. In the other four beakers where the concentration of sugar solution was less‚ the mass of the beetroot increased. This happened because water moved from the dilute sugar solution where there was a high water potential‚ into the beetroot. The percentage increase in the mass of beetroot increased as the
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were 2‚4‚7‚9 and 10. All of these solutions affected the beetroot‚ but the most acidic solutions were the ones that did the most damage to the membrane. This is because the ph affects the proteins within the phospho lipid bi-layer. The acidic ph breaks the hydrogen bonds therefore denaturing the proteins and allowing beetroot pigment to secrete form the cell. 7. The ethanol solutions that were used were 11%‚ 25% and 50% ethanol. The beetroot cell was almost immediately affected by the 50% alcohol
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Biology A - Assignment 1: Cell Membranes and Temperature Background Theory Beetroot contains betalain pigments within it’s vacuole‚ which gives it it’s purple-red colour‚ it’s this pigment which leaks out as the beetroot is heated and the cells membrane begins to break down. The practicals aim is to show the effect of temperature on the cell membrane by observing the colour change of the water the beetroot was placed in. The cell membrane is important as it controls the substances enters and
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THE EFFECT OF CHEMICALS AND TEMPERATURE ON MEMBRANE DESTRUCTION AND PERMEABILITY IN BEETROOT (Beta vulgaris) Introduction The cell membrane is made up primarily of phospholipids and proteins which contribute to its selectively permeable nature. The function and permeability of the cell membrane depends on its intact structure. When destroyed‚ the permeability of the cell membrane is disrupted causing cellular contents to leak out. The cell membrane can be destroyed by physical damage‚ chemicals
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determine what effect an increase in the surrounding temperature has on the plasma membrane of a typical plant cell structure. Hypothesis: An increase in temperature will damage and denature the plasma membrane and cause the cytoplasm and other substances contained within the membrane to leak out. Introduction: The purpose of a cell membrane is to control the transport of substances moving into and out of a cell. The membrane is an extremely thin layer (8 to 10 manometers (nm)) thick‚ which is partially
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liquid permeability of porous media. The apparatus used in the experiment is the liquid permeameter. The liquid used in this experiment is water. Three membrane samples of different thickness (0.1‚ 0.2‚ 0.3 cm) are used as the porous media. The determination of the permeability is carried out using elevated pressure test. Each sample is tested for 5 times at different values of pressure gradient which are 5‚ 10‚ 15‚ 20 and 30 psi. In order to obtain more accurate data‚ ensure that the membrane samples
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Sep 27 2009 15:44:17 GMT-0600 (Mountain Daylight Time) --------------------------------------------------------------------------Question 1 Differential permeability can also be described as: Correct: the allowance of only certain substances to pass through a membrane without hindrance. Compare the molecule size and the MWCO for the membrane. --------------------------------------------------------------------------Question 2 Passive transport includes which of the following processes? Correct:
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mosaic model of the cell membrane. What is the fluid mosaic model? The fluid mosaic model is a model conceived by S.J. Singer and Garth Nicolson in 1972 to describe the structural features of biological membranes. The membrane is described to be fluid because of its hydrophobic integral components such as lipids and membrane proteins that move laterally or sideways throughout the membrane. That means the membrane is not solid‚ but more like a ’fluid’. The membrane is depicted as mosaic because
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