Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia KAMPUS IPOH‚ 31150 HULU KINTA PERAK DARUL RIDZUAN TUGASAN PROJEK Professional Development (PD 3101) Nama : Siti Nabila Yusof Program : B. Ed TESL Unit : Tesl A Nama Pensyarah : Mr. Ruban Paul Durai A ‘reflective practitioner’ is a person who applies a ‘reflective practice’ into his her professional field for the sake of the professional development although we cannot deny that the purposes can also be for the sake of getting higher income
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Social Constructivism is a theory of knowledge and the acquisition process involved (Serving History‚ 2010). The social constructivist theory was developed mainly to describe the way in which people come to describe and explain the world in which they live‚ including themselves (Gergen‚ 1985).The formation of the social constructivist theory is most often attributed to Jean Piaget. Piaget derived this theory by investigating the evolution of knowledge‚ though mainly scientific knowledge‚ by observing
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perspectives. At different stages of this knowledge in understanding human beings‚ behaviourism‚ humanism and the study of consciousness will be critically evaluated in this discussion. The ontological position of behaviourism can be viewed as a materialist
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as in Realism‚ Liberalism‚ Constructivism‚ Marxism and etc. Thus‚ this paper ought to discuss and explain constructivism on the main ideas promote by the constructivist in an international relation. I choose this question because of my understanding is more toward the constructivist approach and I believe that constructivist approach is among the critical field of study that we must clearly understand. Thus‚ I tried to find sources about the approach of constructivism and there are some useful
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The relationship between United Kingdom and European Union has always been unique. One tried to be closer while the other tried to be distance yet still influential. David Gowland‚ Arthur Turner and Alex Wright on “Britain and European Integration Since 1945” study the relations between British policy and the process of European Integration since 1945. The study focused on Britain policy that they adopt as the European Union changed. Britain attitude since the end of the Second World War toward the
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1. Introduction This report will discuss the history of psychology and how its unique elements add to the social sciences. The four main psychological theories to be discussed below are: ? Psychoanalysis ? Behaviourism ? Humanistic Psychology ? Bio-psychology In order to stress the importance of psychology and its distinctive and intricate attributes‚ this report will attempt to reveal the essence of the discipline of psychology. In doing this‚ this report will answer: How does psychology?s mission
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There are countless theories surrounding learning‚ for the purpose of this essay‚ the theories looked at will be linked to Behaviourism and Multiple Intelligences. Behaviourism is defined by Watson (1913) as proposing to explain human and animal behaviour in terms of external stimuli and both positive and negative reinforcements‚ with the desirable outcomes being predictability and control. The majority of early Behaviourists research‚ Pavlov (1902) and Skinner (1938)‚ was laboratory based and used
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Constructivism is a philosophy of learning founded on the premise that‚ by reflecting on our experiences‚ we construct our own understanding of the world we live in. It is a new approach in education that claims humans are better able to understand the information they have constructed by themselves. According to constructivist theorists‚ learning is a social advancement that involves language‚ real world situations‚ and interaction and collaboration among learners. Vygotsky (1978). There are several
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Behaviour management methods based in behaviourism advocate rewarding pupils when they conform to school expectations and punishing them when they do not. The external environment is heavily emphasised in behaviourism‚ with positive reinforcement provided by teachers to encourage favourable behaviour (Skinner 1985‚ 293). Rewards such as stickers‚ extra play time‚ praise‚ or being designated teacher’s helper are examples of positive rein forcers. Negative reinforcement is similarly used by teachers
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John Broadus Watson John Broadus Watson was born on January 9‚ 1878 in a poor family in Greenville‚ South Carolina. He was grew up on a farm. John B. Watson was the fourth of six children. He had a mixed upbringing in which his mother‚ Emma Kesiah Watson who was a very religious woman. She pushed for Watson to be a religious Christian who was expected to restrain from those negative behaviour such as dancing‚ smoking‚ and drinking. Meanwhile‚ his father‚ Pickens Watson‚ was a heavy drinker who
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