Cognitive dissonance Cognitive dissonance is the term used in modern psychology to describe the state of people when holding two or more conflicting cognitions (e.g.‚ ideas‚ beliefs‚ values‚ emotional reactions) simultaneously. In a state of dissonance‚ people may sometimes feel surprise‚ dread‚ guilt‚ anger‚ or embarrassment.[1] The theory of cognitive dissonance in social psychology proposes that people have a motivational drive to reduce dissonance by altering existing cognitions‚ adding new
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Define surface-level diversity and deep level diversity. Explain how surface-level similarity can lead to unfair discrimination. Substantiate your answer with the help of a scenario. Workforce diversity are the ways in which people in an organization are different from and similar to one another. Surface-level diversity can be defined as easily perceived differences that may trigger certain stereotypes‚ but do not necessarily reflect the ways people think or feel. Surface-level diversity includes
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social work‚ sociology‚ economics‚ and anthropology. Human behaviour is experienced throughout an individual’s entire lifetime. It includes the way they act based on different factors such as genetics‚ social norms‚ core faith‚ and attitude. Behaviour is impacted by certain traits each individual has. The traits vary from person to person and can produce different actions or behaviour from each person. Social norms also impact behaviour. Due to the inherently conformist nature of human society in
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shares a purpose or an identity. The shared identity can be based on culture‚ class‚ religion or even ethnicity (Delaney‚ 2006). Gangs have been around for hundreds of years. They go back as far as the early 1800’s. Their favorite crimes at that time were loitering and vandalism. After the 1920’s it was booze‚ gambling along with extortion. Gang bosses that were from Ireland and Italy took over the streets of New York‚ and Chicago. Some decided to have nicknames like “Crazy Legs‚ Sticky Fingers even The
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study of Marketing Management‚ the "Consumers" or the "Customers" play a very critical role as these are the people who finally BUY the goods & services of the organisation‚ and the firm is always on the move to make them buy so as to earn revenue. It ’s crucial from both the points of view as given below : From the customers ’ point of view : Customers today are in a tough spot. Today‚ in the highly developed & technologically advanced society‚ the customers have a great deal of choices & options (and
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ideally situated in major cities. Christian Louboutin’s shoes became instantly recognizable to those fashion cognoscenti for the trademark of ‘red-lacquered soles’ (WeConnectFashion‚ 2011). The main purpose of this essay is to provide definition of terms being applied and further review of how consumer needs and motivations can influence in purchase decision making and the product choice of female dress shoes that is being related to a particular brand product of Christian Louboutin and last but not
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Organisational Behaviour and Leadership Index: 1. Executive summary 2. Comparing Maslow’s theory of motivation with Skinner’s reinforcement theory in view of critique of each theory with special reference to the South African workplace. 3. A critical evaluation of the similarities and differences between reinforcement and the expectancy theories of motivation. Motivating a choice as to which one has the mist relevance to explaining the work motivation of employees in South Africa
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motivation…………………………………17 Similarities in theories………………………………….17 TASK 8………………………………………………...19 Team……………………………………………………19 Group…………………………………………………...19 Difference between team and group work……………..19 Stage of group development……………………………20 Team & Group behaviour in Tarmac& Enterprise…….20 TASK 9………………………………………………...21 Effective team & the factor of threat for the success & effectiveness…………………………………..………..21 Effectiveness of team…………………………………..21 TASK 10 Role of technology in the success
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ORGANISATIONS AND BEHAVIOUR LO1 1.1‚ 1.2 This essay aims to identify the key elements between organizational structure and culture Organizational structure can be described as the framework in which an organization operates. There are three main types of organizational structure: functional‚ divisional and matrix structure. A functional structure is set up so that each portion of the organization is grouped according to its purpose
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Compare and Contrast the Behaviourist Perspective with one other major approach in Psychology Psychology is a human science‚ which aims to describe and understand behaviour‚ emotion and mental processes of the mind. Modern Psychology began in the laboratories of Wilhelm Wundt at the University of Leipzug Germany in 1879. (Lucy T Benjamin JR 2007). As the study of psychology grew‚ disagreements within the science arose leading to scholar’s creating different theories to outline their understanding
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