CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION The seismic force-resisting system of a building structure is composed of vertical elements‚ horizontal elements‚ and the foundation (Fig.1.1). The vertical elements extend between the foundation and the elevated levels‚ providing a continuous load path to transmit gravity and seismic forces from the upper levels to the foundation. The horizontal elements typically consist of diaphragms‚ including collectors. Diaphragms transmit inertial forces from the floor system to the
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4.4 MarkingScheme For 1mark multiple-choice questions‚ 1/3 mark will be deducted for a wrong answer. Likewise‚for 2 marks multiple-choice questions‚ 2/3 mark will be deducted for a wrong answer. However‚for the linked answer question pair‚ where each question carries 2 marks‚ 2/3 mark will bededucted for a wrong answer to the first question only. There is no negative marking for wronganswer to the second question of the linked answer question pair. If the first question in thelinked pair is wrongly
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Light I | | INTRODUCTION | Light‚ form of energy visible to the human eye that is radiated by moving charged particles. Light from the Sun provides the energy needed for plant growth. Plants convert the energy in sunlight into storable chemical form through a process called photosynthesis. Petroleum‚ coal‚ and natural gas are the remains of plants that lived millions of years ago‚ and the energy these fuels release when they burn is the chemical energy converted from sunlight. When animals digest
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limited because their usage depends on the accompany with the other material. Steel framed structures are designed with the connections between the separate members treated as either non-rigid or fully rigid joints. The frame consists of horizontal beams in both direction and vertical columns called stanchions‚ usually all standard rolled sections of various sizes‚ joined together by welding or by bolts with cleats to form a stiff to which the feet of the stanchions are bolted. All the steel members
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AIM: i)To investigate the dependence‚ of the angle of deviation on the angle of incidence‚ using a hollow prism filled one by one with different transparent fluids. APPARATUS REQUIRED: Drawing board White sheets of paper Hollow prism Different liquids(water‚ kerosene‚ oil‚ spirit etc.) Drawing pins Pencil Half meter scale Thumb pins Graph papers A protractor INTRODUCTION: In optics‚ a prism is a transparent optical element with flat‚ polished surfaces that refract light. The
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SE21 p36-42 Ji 29/10/03 3:42 pm Page 36 paper: ji Concepts for designing stiffer structures Synopsis The paper demonstrates concepts for designing stiffer structures. They are: (a) the more direct the internal force path‚ the stiffer the structure; (b) the more uniform the internal force distribution‚ the stiffer the structure; and (c) the smaller the internal forces‚ the stiffer the structure. These concepts are applicable to the design of many structures. Two ways of implementing
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Title: Deflection. Abstract: In this experiment‚ we were needed to find the deflection of Ring‚ Semicircle and quadrant made from the curved beam. The experiment is carry out by applied these beam with a load that weight 5N for circle and 2N for Semicircle and Quadrat. For the ring shape‚ the load is added 5N contiuosly until the load 40N and the dial reading is note down every time the load is added. Similar step is repeated using Semicircle and Quadrant that is we add 2N load continuously until
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Gymnastics has been a sport that I have always loved. When gymnastics is broadcasted on T.V‚ especially during the olympics‚ my eyes are glued to the screen. The high level gymnasts fly like birds while tumbling and on the uneven bars. From experience‚ I know that gymnastics is a sport that requires every muscle in your body. Gymnastics is also a sport that consists of insane amounts of time put into practice‚ and as a result‚ you’re sore and in pain a lot from all the hard work you’re putting in
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Antenna Basics / Theory What is an antenna ? An antenna is the converter between two kinds of electromagnetic waves : cable bounded waves ⇔ free space waves 2 ©Kathrein/Scholz 07/04 Antenna Basics / Theory antenna principle shown by bending a coax cable open the pulsing electrical field‚ created by the transmitter‘s high frequency power‚ cannot leave the cable the field lines become longer and are orthogonal to the wires 1 2 3 ©Kathrein/Scholz 07/04 Antenna
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experiment is to determine how a beam deflects with load and compare the experimental values to the values calculated from the simple formula and exact formula. We take three different eccentricities 75 mm‚ 55 mm‚ 35 mm and gradually apply load to them. Taking readings and making graphs to explain the outcome. This kind of experiment is helpful in construction of railways and grids. 1.0 Introduction: The experiment is done to find the connection between the bending of the beam with applied load to a specific
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