Accounting for Managers TOPIC A: AN INTRODUCTION TO ACCOUNTING Investors – Individual and groups provide initial capital. Creditors – Company which loans money to another company (Suppliers/Bank). Managers – Oversee the day-to-day operations. What is accounting? * Process of Recognising‚ measuring‚ recording (also known as transactions)‚ disclosing and attesting to information. *Information – Decision Making (Value Creation)‚ Control (Monitoring). Process of Accounting: Transactions
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3 Adjusting Accounts and Preparing Financial Statements QUESTIONS 1. The cash basis of accounting reports revenues when cash is received while the accrual basis reports revenues when they are earned. The cash basis reports expenses when cash is paid while the accrual basis reports expenses when they are incurred (and matched with revenues they generated). 2. The accrual basis of accounting generally provides a better indication of company performance and financial condition than does
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References: Warren‚ C.‚ Reeve‚ J.‚ and Duchac‚ J (2007). Accounting. 23rd ed South-Western‚ cengage learning in thousands except share data | January 3‚ 2009 | December 29‚ in thousands except share data | December 29‚ 2007 | December30‚
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gooda available for sale. -the consistency principle states that the busineses should use the same accounting methods from period to period. -under the FIFO‚ the ending inventory is based on the cost of the most recent purchases. -the value of purchases remains the same irrespective of the inventory valuation method used. -using FIFO‚ the COGS is based on the oldest purchases. -the accounting conservatism principle requires that financial statements should report LEAST favorable figures. -do
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health-related concerns in the general environment facing Philip Morris International are part of the physical segment. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Medium REF: 36 OBJ: 02-01 TYPE: comprehension NOT: AACSB: Ethical & Legal understanding | Management: Ethical Responsibilities | Dierdorff & Rubin: Managing the task environment 2. The external environment facing business stays relatively constant over time. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: 34-35 OBJ: 02-01 TYPE: comprehension NOT: AACSB: Business Knowledge & Analytical
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Accounting: Topic 6: Analysis And Interpretation Of Financial Statements (Part 2) Capital Structure Analysis Proportion of debt financing relative to equity financing (=gearing or leverage) * Reflects the entity’s financing decisions * Investments in assets are funded externally by liabilities‚ or internally by owner’s as shown in accounting equation (A=L+OE) Debt to equity ratio: Total liabilities/ Total equity x 100=x% Debt ratio: Total liabilities/ Total asset x 100=x%
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Cost Accounting -- MIDTERM 1 1) Pointed Pencil company incurs the following costs in its manufacture of pencils. Classify each one of them according to one of the value chain functions: Functions: A) Research and Development B) Design of products‚ services‚ and processes. C) Production D) Marketing E) Distribution F) Customer Service G) Strategy and Administration ____ 1) Cost of wood used in manufacture of pencils. ____ 2) Cost of wood used in packing cartons to ship pencils. ____
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Costs assigned to the building of a house should appear on the income statement when Answer a. the purchase order to manufacture the house is received. b. the house is sold. c. cash is collected for the sale of the house. d. the house is completed. The basic document for keeping track of costs in a job order costing system is a Answer a. labor time card. b. job order cost card. c. process cost report. d. materials requisition form. The following information is available at the
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(a) Briefly explain what prompted some countries over the world to strongly advocate harmonization of accounting. The important reasons which necessitate harmonization of accounting practices are well contained in the observation made by Saudagaran. “While the initial efforts at harmonization were mainly championed by political bodies and professional accounting organizations‚ current pressures to harmonize are driven by investor groups who use financial statements‚ multinational companies which
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BM6026 - Managerial Accounting & Finance Mini Assignment - Sem 1 2014/2015 Name : Suriati Binti Yusse Matric no : MB1412199T Class : Tuesday - 7.00PM - 10.00PM product selling price Variable Cost : Material : Extract of Tongkat Ali Other Ingredients Packing Material Overhead Cost : Drying cost of liquid Other Overhead Cost Labour Cost : Processing Packaging Total Variable Cost Unit Contribution Margin Expected volume sales % of total sales Weighted Contribution Q1 : capsule
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