Utilitarianism was first developed by Jeremy Bentham‚ a philosopher and legal theorist of the 18th century. Bentham argued that one should maximise happiness for the majority (‘the greatest good for the greatest number‚ a view which is known as the ‘Utility Principle’. Happiness was equated with moral goodness. This idea further identifies Bentham as a ‘psychological hedonist’‚ since he regarded humans as being primarily motivated by pleasure and the avoidance of pain. A contented society would be
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devised by Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832)‚ an English philosopher‚ who gave us the general principle which is used in Bentham and Mill’s theory of utilitarianism and act and rule utilitarianism. The general principle which utilitarianism is based around is the idea of maximising pleasure and minimising pain. Bentham put forward his hedonistic theory in the book ‘The principles of morals and legislation’. His theory is put it to three parts‚ the first being what motivated human beings. Bentham believed humans
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HarperSanFrancisco. 1993‚ ISBN 0060637633 Hobbes‚ Thomas‚ Leviathan‚ Penguin Classics‚ 1985 Husserl‚ Edmund and Welton‚ Donn‚ The Essential Husserl: Basic Writings in Transcendental Phenomenology‚ Indiana University Press‚ 1999‚ ISBN 0253212731 Kant‚ Immanuel‚ Critique of Pure Reason‚ Prometheus Books‚ 1990‚ ISBN 0879755962 Kierkegaard‚ Søren‚ Fear and Trembling‚ Penguin Classics‚ 1986‚ ISBN 0140444491 Kierkegaard‚ Søren‚ Concluding Unscientific Postscript‚ Princeton University Press‚ 1992‚
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lend themselves to ethical examination‚ but they are not appropriate here. The approach taken is to examine some of the principal ethical philosophies of the last two hundred years in relation to international business‚ as follows: a) Immanuel Kant ’s
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ETHICS Philosophy 120 Also known as Religious Studies 120 Professor Marcella Norling “We are discussing no small matter‚ but how we ought live.” Socrates‚ in Plato’s Republic Loading... The Oxford English Dictionary definition of PHILOSOPHY: •Use of reason and argument in seeking truth and knowledge of reality‚ especially knowledge of the causes and nature of things and of the principles governing existence •Particular system or set of beliefs reached by this Branches of Philosophy
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ETHICS Greek ; ethos – custom‚ character Ethikos- moral‚ showing moral character‚ moral judgment The science of the MORALITY OF HUMAN ACTS Morality is the goodness or badness of an act Moral(good)‚ immoral(bad) and amoral ( indifferent or neutral‚ neither good nor bad) HUMAN ACT-----------------------------------------------------------------ACT OF MAN - Action done with knowledge and consent -no knowledge and consent - Action of man as man and as rational -involuntary 3 ELEMENTS OF HUMAN ACT:
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is Jeremy Bentham and who is regarded as the founder of utilitarianism by most people. Bentham put great emphasis on the fact that quantity of pleasure is what mattered; additionally Bentham’s most prominent work included the hedonic calculus which was created to evaluate and weigh up the overall pain and
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Chapter 1 The Foundation of Ethical Thought Multiple Choice Questions Utilitarian Ethics: One Playground at a Time 1. Which country is the focus of “Utilitarian Ethics: One Playground at a Time”? a. India b. Bangladesh c. South Africa d. Nigeria Difficulty: Easy Page 1 2. “Utilitarian Ethics: One Playground at a Time” addresses what problem? a. not enough schools in the country b. not enough children going to school c. lack of clean drinking water in the community d. lack of shelter in the community
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Rich 1 Jennifer Rich Professor Lucius PHI 2600 23 July 2013 Sexual Morality: Extra Marital Sex Sexual morality‚ also known as sexual ethics‚ deals with all things related to human sexual behavior. Any aspect of ethics that may bring issues of sexuality to the forefront also fall under sexual morality. These issues may include but are not limited to sexual relations before marriage as well as during and also explore issues of premarital sex‚ non-marital sex‚ and marital fidelity. Diving deeper into
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CHAPTER 1: Morality‚ Ethics‚ and Human Behavior Ethical issues exist in all areas of criminal justice system (from passage of laws to punishment) Criminal justice professionals have discretion Legislators: in making laws Police: in enforcing laws Attorneys and Judges: affecting justice process Correctional Professionals: affecting offenders lives What do criminal justice professionals have in common? power to make decisions duty to enforce the law obligation to provide
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