can not simultaneously have benzenoid character (Figure 1)‚ the electrons in the pi system of the central ring react more like those of a standard diene. The reaction of the central ring in anthracene allows for the formation of two‚ independent benzene rings‚ as seen in the mechanism outlined in Figure 2. (You can hand-draw structures in ink.) Figure 1: Resonance structures of anthracene. (All figures should have captions.) xylene140 COOOOOO Figure 2: Mechanism of the Diels-Alder reaction.
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John Heger CMY 211 Lab Section 13 11-30-2011 Borohydride Reduction of Vanillin to Vanillyl Alcohol Introduction: The purpose of this lab was to reduce vanillin to vanillyl alcohol. This lab report recaps the procedure and results of the lab. The chemical process studied in this lab was reduction‚ the process of reducing the number of bonds to oxygen and increasing the number of bonds to hydrogen. Other chemical processes included in the lab were recrystallization‚ melting point‚ and extraction
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triggers the formation of brown pigments known as catechol-melanins. Catechol‚ also called 1‚2-dihydroxybenzene is a phenolic compound with the chemical formula C6H4(OH)2. The catechol molecule consists of two hydroxyl groups bonded to a central benzene ring‚ hence the molecule is a diphenol (monophenols contain one hydroxyl group). Figure. below shows the
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ALCOHOLS‚ ETHERS‚ AND PHENOLS Juris Marie G. Garcia Institute of Chemistry‚ University of the Philippines‚ Diliman‚ Quezon City Date Performed: February 27‚ 2015 Date Submitted: March 06‚ 2015 Answers to Questions: 1.) Balanced equations: A. Lucas Test Test Sample Equation Ethyl Alcohol C2H5OH + HCl + ZnCl2 C2H5Cl + H2O Isopropyl Alcohol (CH3) 2CHOH + HCl (CH3) 2CHCl + ZnC2 + H2O Tert-butyl Alcohol (CH3) 3COH + HCl + ZnCl2 (CH3) 3CCl + ZnCl2 +H2O Benzyl Alcohol C6H5CH2OH + HCl + ZnCl2
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In chapter 11‚ we learned about DNA and Genes (11.1DNA: The Molecule of Heredity; 11.2From DNA to Protein; 11.3Genetic changes). DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)‚ which is in a shape called a double helix‚ developed its name from the simple sugar in DNA (deoxyribose). The phosphate group is composed of one atom of phosphorus surrounded by four oxygen atoms. A nitrogen base is a carbon ring structure that contains one or more atoms of nitrogen. Next to cover is DNA replication in which enzyme breaks
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Outline Thesis Statement: Burning waste at the sanitary landfill in Philipsburg causes pests‚ parasites and bad odor around the residential areas. I).What is sanitary landfill II).The sanitary landfill a). Problems b). cause pollutions III). Burning waste b). can cause serious health problems IV. The waste from the St. Maarten Medical Center a). Cancer patients b). Higher sickness V). Heavy machinery is used a). Dirt and compressed b)
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Introduction Metallic yarns or threads‚ in general‚ have been known for more than 3000 years. Gold and silver were hammered into extremely thin sheets‚ then cut into ribbons and worked into fabrics. These were the first ‘man made’ fibres‚ which came thousands of years before nylon or rayon. The Persians made fabulous carpets with gold thread and the Indians‚ ornamental sarees with it. The metal threads were twisted‚ doubled or wrapped around some other thread such as cotton. With the advancement
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Faculty of Science Undergraduate Modular Scheme Session 2010/2011 Semester 1 Level 3 ------------------------------------------------- MODULE: SM0260: Chemistry for Life Sciences ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- DATE: 17 January 2011 ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- TIME: 14.00 – 16.00 Instructions to Candidates This paper contains
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Separation of a Carboxylic Acid from a Neutral Compound by Extraction Reference: Smith‚ Chapter 2 (Acids and Bases) Introduction Carboxylic acids and phenols are two families of organic compounds that contain carbon‚ hydrogen and oxygen‚ and also react with water to yield an excess of hydronium ions over hydroxide ions. Pure water has a pH of 7‚ which means it has a hydronium ion concentration‚ [H3O+] of 10-7 M (M = molarity‚ moles/Liter). The hydronium ions in pure water come from the self-ionization
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POLYSTYRENE: RECCOMMENDATIONS FOR THE LEADERS OF THE LOCAL INSTITUTIONS TO RESOLVE THIS PROBLEM By: Tammy L Drake AOCI 1010-Section 1A (Introduction to Sociology) Professor Julio C. Caycedo Introduction and Thesis Statement What is Styrofoam? Styrofoam is actually a trade name of a polystyrene foam product used mainly for housing insulation and craft applications‚ but can be seen elsewhere. The scientific name for Styrofoam is polystyrene. It is a petroleum-based plastic made from the
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