Experiment 11: Synthesis of Dibenzalacetone by the Aldol condensation Introduction: The Aldol condensation reaction‚ under basic conditions‚ involves the nucleophilic addition of an enolate ion to another carbonyl group. The resulting product‚ a beta-hydroxy ketone or aldehyde‚ is called an aldol because it contains both and aldehyde group and the hydroxy group of alcohol. Condensations‚ including aldol condensation‚ combine two or more molecules‚ typically with a loss of a smaller molecule (including
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Alumina Yield in the Bayer Process; Past‚ Present and Prospects Edited by TMS (The Minerals‚ Metals & Materials Society)‚ 2007 ALUMINA YIELD IN THE BAYER PROCESS PAST‚ PRESENT AND PROSPECTS Roelof Den Hond1‚ Iwan Hiralal2‚ Ab Rijkeboer3 Alcor Technology‚ Clinckenburgh 10‚ 2343 JH Oegstgeest‚ The Netherlands 2 Hiracon‚ Prinses Irenelaan 2‚ 2273 DD Voorburg‚ The Netherlands 3 Rinalco‚ Helmlaan 16‚ 2244 AZ Wassenaar‚ The Netherlands 1 Keywords: hydrate‚ alumina‚ yield‚ liquor productivity
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Objective: The benefit of this lab was to acquaint oneself with the fundamentals of the Aldol Condensation reaction by demonstrating the synthesis of dibenzalacetone (trans‚ trans-1‚5-Diphenyl-1‚4-pentadien-3-one) through the aldol condensation of acetone with benzaldehyde. The synthesis began by using a strong base to generate the acetone enolate ion. The ketone/enol tautomerization is an equilibrium process that produces little of the enol (ppm or less). However‚ any enol that formed quickly reacted
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Benzil is produced in the first step of this experiment’s multistep synthesis through the oxidation of benzoin. In order to produce the desired o-diketone‚ the alcohol on benzoin must be oxidized. Nitric acid was the oxidizing agent used in this experiment. As a result‚ the alcohol group on benzoin acted as the nucleophile and attacked the electrophilic nitrogen of nitric acid. As this step forms oxonium‚ excess water in the system deprotonated the oxonium to restore the neutral charge on oxygen
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Preparation of Dibenzalacetone by the Aldol condensation David o Neill Date of experiment: 14/12/2011 Apparatus Steam bath‚ ice bath‚ Buchner funnel‚ beaker‚ conical flask‚ filter paper‚ TLC apparatus‚ Melting point apparatus Materials / chemicals Benzaldehyde‚ acetone‚ ethanolic sodium hydroxide‚ ethanol Introduction The synthesis of dibenzalacetone is formed from an Aldol condensation reaction. An Aldol condensation reaction is a very effective way of forming a carbon – carbon bond reaction‚ in
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variety of factors that impact the shape of the yield curve but monetary authorities influence greatly the shape of the yield curve .Monetary authorities influence the shape of the yield curve by initiating either a contractionary monetary policy or an expansionary monetary policy.A yield curve is a line that plots the interest rates‚ at a set point in time‚ of bonds having equal credit quality‚ but differing maturity dates. The most frequently reported yield curve compares the three-month‚ two-year‚ five-year
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Bamberg YIELD MANAGEMENT Seminar Paper Ismail Akar Faculty of Economics 1716171 akarsmail@gmail.com Price Management Prof. Dr. Björn Sven Ivens July 30‚ 2013 Table of Contents Introduction Yield management is an important form of price variation for revenue maximization‚ especially in airline and hotel businesses. When ’yield management’ is researched‚ mostly American Airlines is shown up due to the origin of yield management. The starting point for yield management
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Chapter 10 Bond Prices and Yields 1. a. Catastrophe bond: Typically issued by an insurance company. They are similar to an insurance policy in that the investor receives coupons and par value‚ but takes a loss in part or all of the principal if a major insurance claim is filed against the issuer. This is provided in exchange for higher than normal coupons. b. Eurobond: They are bonds issued in the currency of one country but sold in other national markets. c. Zero-coupon bond: Zero-coupon bonds
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สามารถเก็บเรื่องอัตราคาบริการที่แตกตางกันของลูกคาในขณะที่ ลูกคาไดรับการบริการที่เทากัน เปนความลับได” ลูกคาตองการที่ จะทราบเพื่อที่จะไดเลือกจังหวะเวลาที่จะใชบริการที่เหมาะสมได (Cross 1988) 4 ี ่ 4. การนําวิธการเพิมยอดขายไปใชอยางไรใหสําเร็จ How to succeed in implementing yield management? องคประกอบภายนอก (External factors): 1. สถานะและความตองการทางการตลาด 2. อัตราที่เสนอกับราคาของคูแขง องคประกอบภายใน (Internal factors): 1. วัตถุประสงคทางการตลาด 2. กลยุทธการผสมผสานทางการตลาด (Marketing Mix) 3. การแบงกลุมตลาด
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INDEX TOPIC PAGE NO 1 Abstract 3 2 Current status of Indian Bond Market 3 3 All about Yield curve 5 4 Behavior of bond yields- Case by Case basis 7 5 Data Calculations and Conclusions 11 6 Literature Review 15 7 References 17 Abstract This paper examines the determinants of the bond yields in India using daily data from Feb 20‚ 2013 through March 30‚ 2014‚ to be precise 300 working days. The
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