Stereochemistry of Butenedioic Acid Objective: To study the interconversion of two geometric isomers‚ maleic acid (cis isomer) to fumaric acid (trans isomers)‚ the differences in physical properties between this pair of cis-trans isomers and determine the stereochemistry of addition of bromine to butenedioic acid. Chemicals and Apparatus: 2 grams of maleic acid‚ 10 cm3 of concentrated hydrochloric acid‚ 10 cm3 of bromine water[1]‚ one 50 cm3 beaker‚ one 100 cm3 beaker‚ one 250 cm3
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Experiment 1 Titration curves of amino acids General structure of amino acids (amphoteric type): Zwitter ion C * : α- carbon : α- amino acid NH2 : α- amino group‚ basic (proton acceptor) COOH : α- carboxylic group‚ acidic (proton donor) R : side chain of amino acid Classification of amino acids depending on the nature of side chain:
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Acid Rain Webquest Name: ________Jacob Rough_________________________ Date: _____3/25/13________ Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are gases released by the burning of fossil fuels. These gases can react with water and oxygen to form acids. Normally‚ rainwater is slightly acidic. But the additional acid that enters the air when fuels are burned makes it even more acidic. Acid rain can have a harmful effect on fish and other wildlife and upsets the delicate balance
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Title: Estimation of Ascorbic acid Aim: To determine the ascorbic acid content of canned apple and orange juice To determine the volume of canned juice necessary to provide 75mg of Vitamin C Introduction: For the estimation of ascorbic acid‚ the method used involved the titration of the ascorbic acid‚ in the presence of a redox indicator 2‚6-dichlorophenol-indophenol (DCPIP) which acts as both an oxidant so as to oxidise the ascorbic acid to dehydroascorbic acid‚ and it acts as an indicator
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Abstract In this experiment paper chromatography was used in order to identify two unknown amino acids using eight known amino ones. The two unknown ones were identified by comparing the distance they travelled up the chromatography paper and their Rf values to the corresponding values of the other eight known amino acids. The unknown amino acids identified were Glycine and Methionine. Introduction Proteins in cells are important in many ways. There are different types of proteins such as
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Figure 1: Formation of benzocaine from p-aminobenzoic acid Experimental P-aminobenzoic acid (1.211g) and absolute ethanol (15mls) were combined with three boiling chips in a 50ml round bottom flask. The round bottom flask was placed on a heating plate and was refluxed starting at 109 ̊C. The solution began boiling at 111 ̊C. It was allowed to reflux for approximately 30 minutes and the solid was dissolved. The round bottom flask was then placed in an ice bath and allowed to cool to
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Acid Rain is a type of air pollution‚ which is formed when oxides of sulfur and nitrogen combine with atmospheric moisture to yield sulfuric and nitric acids‚ which may then be carried long distances from a source before they are deposited by rain. This pollution may also take the form of snow‚ fog‚ or a dry form of precipitation. Acid rain is currently a subject of great controversy because of widespread environmental damage‚ for which it has been blamed‚ including eroding structures‚ injuring crops
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The acid-fast stain is performed on samples to demonstrate the characteristic of acid fastness in certain bacteria. Acid fastness is a characteristic that is shared by just a few organisms‚ so staining to determine if organisms possess this trait is useful in microbial identification schemes. The Ziehl-Neelsen method has endured as a reliable and effective way to demonstrate the acid-fast bacteria. Materials: 18-20 nutrient hour agar slant culture of Staphyloccus aureus 4 day old nutrient
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Chemistry: Strong Acid and Weak Base Titration Lab Cherno Okafor Mr. Huang SCH4U7 November 21st‚ 2012 Data Collection and Processing Concentration of the standard HCl solution: 0.1 M Data Collection: | Trial 1 | Trial 2 | Trial 3 | Final HCl Buret Reading ± 0.05 mL | 38.3 | 45 | 54.5 | Initial HCl Buret Reading ± 0.05 mL | 29.9 | 38.3 | 45 | Volume of NaHCO3 used ± 0.1 mL | 9.2 | 9.5 | 9.8 | Qualitative Data: * I used the
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necessary reaction schemes. The reaction schemes should include molecular weights and any other important physical data for the reagents and products. Ex. Cyclohexanol was oxidized to cyclohexanone using sodium dichromate in the presence of sulfuric acid. * Note: you can download a free version of a structure editor from ACD labs‚ the PC version is called chemsketch‚ the Mac version is called marvinsketch. You should learn how to draw structures using these programs. Lab reports should look professional
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