THE 7 QC TOOLS 1 Introduction The 7 QC Tools are simple statistical tools used for problem solving. These tools were either developed in Japan or introduced to Japan by the Quality Gurus such as Deming and Juran. In terms of importance‚ these are the most useful. Kaoru Ishikawa has stated that these 7 tools can be used to solve 95 percent of all problems. These tools have been the foundation of Japan’s astomishing industrial resurgence after the second world war. The following are the
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with a long tail extending to either the right (positively skewed) or the left (negatively skewed) 3. Number of Modal Classes – (A modal class is the class with the largest number of observations) - A unimodal histogram is one with single peak. A bimodal histogram is one with two peaks‚ not necessarily equal in height 4. Bell shape – A special type of symmetric unimodal histogram. B. Stem-and-leaf Display ~ One of the drawback of the histogram is that we lose potentially useful information by classifying
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Aim: To study histogram‚ its processing and thresholding using histogram Theory: The histogram of an image with intensity levels in the range 0 to L-1‚ where L-1 is the last intensity value in an image(e.g. 255 in gray scale image) is a discrete function h(rk)=nk where rk is the kth intensity value and nk is the number of pixels in the image with intensity rk. It is common practice to normalize a histogram by dividing each of its components by the total number of pixels in the image‚ denoted by
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leaching where the rate of soil erosion exceeds the rate of soil formation and Udults that are heavily leached acidic forests and has a very low fertility requiring additional nutrients to support successful crop production. Another factor is the bimodal rainfall pattern. Haiti has a tropical climate with two annual rainy seasons; April - June and August - November. These climatic conditions cause erosion by wind during periods of moisture deficit and by water during periods of moisture surplus. The
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What are the characteristics of a population for which a mean/median/mode would be appropriate? Inappropriate? The analysis of data begins with descriptive statistics such as the mean‚ median‚ mode‚ range‚ standard deviation‚ variance‚ standard error of the mean‚ and confidence intervals. These statistics are used to summarize data and provide information about the sample from which the data were drawn and the accuracy with which the sample represents the population of interest. The mean‚ median
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Using the Normal Distribution The normal distribution is a very commonly occurring continuous probability distribution—a function that tells the probability that any real observation will fall between any two real limits or real numbers‚ as the curve approaches zero on either side. Normal distributions are extremely important in statistics and are often used in the natural and social sciences for real-valued random variables whose distributions are not known (Casella and Berger‚ 2002). This essay
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As a result of aging‚ most of the elderly population‚ 60 years of age‚ have a condition referred to as presbycusis‚ otherwise known as age-related hearing loss (Lassaletta‚ Calvino‚ Snchez-Cuadrado‚ Prez-Mora‚ and Gaviln‚ 2015). Expected to increase‚ presbycusis is the second most common cause of disability in elders (Cuadrado et al.‚ 2013). Thus‚ cochlear implants (CIs) have become a topic to discuss to the elderly population with sensorineural hearing loss of at least 70 dB‚ when hearing aids no
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Descriptive and Inferential Statistics Greg Hagen‚ Jean Parker‚ Jade Riley‚ Nanika Woods‚ Myron Hamilton‚ Tajah Gutierrez‚ Treva Eley PSY/315 June 9‚ 2012 Nancy A. Walker Descriptive and Inferential Statistics Statistics is a vital part of the psychological field as the analysis of statistics provides researchers with a means of both describing the results of research and surmising from those results‚ as well as drawing conclusions related to a hypothesis. Statistics gives a better
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QUANTITATIVE METHODS - STATISTICS ------------------------------------------------- (SUBJECT CODE: STA1114) ------------------------------------------------- Instructions to Students: 1. Assignment questions consist of: * Question One - 25% * Question Two - 25% 2. Assignment question must be combined into ONE (1) booklet‚ attached with “Assignment Submission Form” as the front cover‚ enclosed with the “Marking Criteria.” typed with double spacing
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Public Opinion and Political Socialization Public Opinion-‐ The collected attitudes of citizens concerning a given issue or question. One issue in America that stirs differences in public opinion is the death penalty. Does the death penalty deter people from killing? Some think it does‚ some think
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