The robot arm perceives this DTMF tone with the help of the phone stacked in the robot arm. The received tone is processed by the ATmega16 microcontroller with the help of DTMF decoder MT8870. The decoder decodes the DTMF tone into its equivalent binary
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structure The basic structure of the Arduino programming language is fairly simple and runs in at least two parts. These two required parts‚ or functions‚ enclose blocks of statements. void setup() { statements; } void loop() { statements; } Where setup() is the preparation‚ loop() is the execution. Both functions are required for the program to work. The setup function should follow the declaration of any variables at the very beginning of the program. It is the
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2.2.1 Reed-Solomon Codes Irving Reed and Gus Solomon [37] on January 21‚ 1959‚ submitted a paper which was published in June 1960 in the Journal of the society for Industrial and Applied mathematics with the title “Polynomial codes over certain finite fields”. This paper introduced a new class of error correcting codes that are now called Reed-Solomon codes. Reed-Solomon codes[38][39] are constructed and decoded by using finite field arithmetic. Finite fields were the discovery of French mathematician
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written to paper. Number System A numeral system (or system of numeration) is a writing system for expressing numbers‚ that is‚ a mathematical notation for representingnumbers of a given set‚ using digits or other symbols in a consistent manner. It can be seen as the context that allows the symbols "11" to be interpreted as the binary symbol for three‚ the decimal symbol for eleven‚ or a symbol for other numbers in different bases. Equivalent Numbers in Decimal‚ Binary and Hexadecimal Notation:
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How are data being represented in computers? Computers work with a binary number system that consists of only two digits - zero and one. Inside the computer binary number is represented by an electrical pulse. One means a pulse of electricity and zero means no pulse. All the data entered into computers is first converted into the binary number system. One digit in binary number system is called bit and combination of eight bits is called byte. A byte is the basic unit that is used to represent the
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Most important Invention: The Computer When we think about technology mostly the first thing that comes to my mind is the image of a computer. Technological advancements such as computer have been designed to help humans and make the lives easy. In fact‚ computer is the Most important Invention because they can display and let you manipulate save information‚ and it is used in almost all fields . First of all computer have multi-tasking features that can minimize the work you have to do. The
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computers that have done a lot of harm to people. Scientists fear that the vital skills can be lost by next generations as computer technology replaces traditional ways of working. Moreover‚ they predict the chaos that can occur when suddenly the systems fail to work or‚ what is worse‚ refuse to listen to people’s orders. That is why in my opinion‚ computers and other developments of technology are useful and there is no possibility to live without them nowadays‚ as we got to much used to them
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[2 marks] (5) A student is to answer 10 out of 15 questions on the exam. (a) How many choice that he has? [2 marks] (b) How many choice that he must answer at least three of the first five questions. [4 marks] (6) Each user on a computer system has a password‚ which is six to seven characters long‚ where each character is an uppercase letter or a digit. Each password must contain at least three digits. How many possible passwords are there? [8 marks] (7) By rearranging the letters in
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stored and processed by the computer as alphanumeric symbols. Alphanumeric symbols (e.g. A‚ B‚ C‚ D‚ 1‚ 2‚ 3‚ etc.) are an example of abstraction. They can be converted to and from other representations that are easier for a computer to process (e.g. binary code). The beauty of abstraction is that the user never knows this is occurring; the computer does the conversion ’behind-the-scenes. Right now‚ you are reading alphanumeric characters. Break down the word alphanumeric and you have ’alpha’ - as
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Year 9 Mathematics ©2009 Ezy Math Tutoring | All Rights Reserved www.ezymathtutoring.com.au Copyright © 2012 by Ezy Math Tutoring Pty Ltd. All rights reserved. No part of this book shall be reproduced‚ stored in a retrieval system‚ or transmitted by any means‚ electronic‚ mechanical‚ photocopying‚ recording‚ or otherwise‚ without written permission from the publisher. Although every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book‚ the publishers and authors assume no responsibility
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