Plastic can be defined as: any group of synthetic or natural organic materials that may be shaped when soft‚ which will later harden. Plastic has been around for more than 150 years. In 1839 Charles Goodyear accidently discovered the process of vulcanization‚ the process of making rubber more durable‚ which evolved into the creation of plastics later on. In 1846‚ Swiss chemist Charles Schonbein discovered how to produce the plastic polymer known as celluloid. In 1909‚ chemist Leo Baekeland created
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Special Report Plastic Additive: A Techno-Commercial Profile B.G. SAMPAT E-mail: bgsampat@bom3.vsnl.net.in INTRODUCTION Every activity in modern life is influenced by plastics and many depend entirely on plastic products. All these plastic products are made from the essential polymer mixed with a complex blend of materials known collectively as additives. Without additives‚ plastics would not work‚ but with them they can be made safer‚ cleaner‚ tougher and more colourful. Additives cost money
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plastic pollution‚ the accumulation in the environment of man-made plastic products to the point where they create problems for wildlife and their habitats as well as for human populations. In 1907 the invention of Bakelite brought about a revolution in materials by introducing truly synthetic plastic resins into world commerce. By the end of the 20th century‚ however‚ plastics were found to be persistent polluters of many environmental niches‚ from Mount Everest to the bottom of the sea. Whether
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Plastic Composition and Types of Plastic A plastic is made up principally of a binder together with plasticizers‚ fillers‚ pigments‚ and other additives. The binder gives a plastic its main characteristics and usually its name. Thus‚ polyvinyl chloride is both the name of a binder and the name of a plastic into which it is made. Binders may be natural materials‚ e.g.‚ cellulose derivatives‚ casein‚ or milk protein‚ but are more commonly synthetic resins. In either case‚ the binder materials consist
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reserved. DOI 10.1016/j.mib.2010.02.006 This short review attempts to give a background on the polyhydroxyalkanoates‚ their variety‚ properties‚ versatility‚ applications and limitations. History For more than seventy years petroleum based plastics have been used in a variety of industrial and day-to-day applications owing to their versatility and durability [1‚2]. However‚ they bear negative attributes including recalcitrance to biodegradation [3]‚ toxicity after incineration and massive
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ADVANTAGES Plastic is very useful in the building and construction‚ electronics (laptops wouldn’t work well if they were made from glass)‚ packaging (gladwrap)‚ transportation industries. Very easy to make - water bottles‚ plastic bags‚ pens‚ cups etc etc The main advantages of plastic materials are also the reason why plastic is such a problem. It lasts forever and it is very cheap to make. When I say it last forever‚ I mean it does not biodegrade. There is a flotilla of plastic the size
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BIOPLASTICS Bioplastics are a form of plastics derived from renewable biomass sources‚ such as vegetable fats and oils‚ corn starch‚ pea starch or microbiota. There are a variety of materials bioplastics that can be composed of‚ including: starches‚ cellulose‚ or other biopolymers. APPLICATIONS OF BIOPLASTICS Biodegradable bioplastics are used for disposable items‚ such as packaging and catering items (crockery‚ cutlery‚ pots‚ bowls and straws). They are also often used for bags‚ trays‚ containers
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Science Investigatory Project How to make a Biodegradable Plastic using cassava starch? ABSTRACT The study aims to produce biodegradable plastic using cassava starch as its main component. Cassava starch was mixed with water‚ epoxydized soya beanoil (ESBO)‚ glycerol‚ and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The mixture was then compressed and tested. Three preparations were made from the mixture. The first preparation contained 50 grams starch‚ 50 grams water‚ 50 grams PVA‚ 2.5 grams ESBO‚ and 2.5 grams
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2.0 Plastic Waste Management Disposal of plastic waste is a serious concern in India. New technologies have been developed to minimize there adverse effect on the environment. Currently world wide accepted technology used for the plastic disposal is incineration. However‚ the incinerators designed poorly‚ releases extremely toxic compounds (chlorinated dioxins and furans) therefore‚ facing strong opposition from various non-government organizations. In India to introduce a safer disposal technology
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Say No To Plastic Bags Plastic is a material that we can see everyday everywhere in our life‚ people all over the world are using plastic bags to carry something or other things and. Plastic bags are extremely dangerous for environment ‚ it is one of the main problem why environment in the world is becoming worst . Plastic bags are non-biodegradable ‚ it means that plastic bags cannot be turned into any other substance that benefiting environment . Even though plastics are being burned ‚ it will
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