How are organisms adapted for efficient gas exchange? [25 marks] Many organisms have different features which enable them to survive and carry out gas exchange effectively. Single-celled organisms‚ such as bacteria and protozoa‚ are in constant contact with their external environment. For them‚ gas exchange occurs by diffusion across their membranes. Even in simple multicellular organisms‚ such as green algae‚ their cells may be close to the environment‚ and gas exchange can occur easily. In
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Marine organisms and other novel natural sources of new cancer drugs Gilberto Schwartsmann South-American Office for Anticancer Drug Development (SOAD)‚ Comprehensive Cancer Centre (CINCAN)‚ The Lutheran University (ULBRA) & Postgraduate Course in Medicine (UFRGS)‚ Porto Alegre‚ Brazil Introduction Man has always relied on nature for survival. Since ancient times‚ nature has been our main source of food‚ protection‚ clothing‚ transportation and remedies [1‚2]. This can be illustrated by the
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To what extent was the Tsarist system of government modified between 1881-1914? By 1914‚ not much had really changed since 1881 and the rule of Alexander II. Autocratic rule was still well established. Very little reform had actually happened. The reactionary nature of the rule of Alexander III contrasted significantly with the almost liberal reign of his father‚ who emancipated the serfs‚ and stifled reform which led to the downfall of the Tsarist reign. However‚ occasional concessions were made
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refuse and industrial waste everywhere. This waste has no place where it could be discarded and now it has found its way into the water bodies polluting the water and thereby creating a threat to the marine flora and fauna. In the environment‚ organisms are usually exposed not just to a single pollutant but rather to a mixture of these chemicals. Mumbai is one of the busiest metropolitans in the country today housing over a million people alone and the garbage generated daily needs to be dumped
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The proposed concept has been illustrated on modified 39 bus New England Test System which is having 10 generators and 29 load buses. The data for 39 bus New England system has taken from ref [16]. In the proposed method violation on line 15-16 has been created due to the 14-34 line outages in the system. In this presented approach 50MW of wind power is connected based on the BSF value. It has been found from the reference paper [14] that the investment cost of wind power generator (for 1 MW capacity)
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PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF BUBBLE SORT USING A MODIFIED DIMINISHING INCREMENT SORTING(A New Approach) Mr. VIKAS BAJPAIB.TECH(CS) 3RD YEAR Department of CSE IEC-CET‚ GR. NOIDA lnbajpai09@rediffmail.com | Ms. SAMEHA ARORAB.TECH(CS) 3RD YEAR Department of CSE IEC-CET‚ GR. NOIDA sameha.arora@yahoo.com | Mr.ASHISH CHAKRAVARTIAssistant Professor Department of CSEIEC-CET‚GR. NOIDAashish.me08@gmail.com | Prof. SHEO KUMARAssociate ProfessorDepartment of CSE
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Title of the Research Chemically modified jute fabric reinforced novolac epoxy resin composite Introduction Besides the multiple advantages of environment friendly jute as reinforcing elements in composite‚ the high moisture absorption and chemical incompatibility with the matrix limits the mechanical‚ optical and chemical properties of composite[1].A lot of research works have been performed all over the world on the use of cellulosic fibers as a reinforcing material for the preparation
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1 A Modified Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm for Nonconvex Economic Dispatch Problem Eiman Sayedi‚ Malihe M. Farsangi‚ Mohammad Barati‚ and Kwang Y. Lee‚ Fellow‚ IEEE al. in [3]. To improve the performance of the SFL algorithm‚ a chaos search is combined with SFL by Li‚ et al. in [4]. In [5]‚ a new frog leaping rule is introduced and the direction and the length of each frog’s jump are extended by emulating frog’s perception and action uncertainties. Zhen‚ et al. in [6]‚ introduced a new leaping
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that are capable of releasing this heat particles‚ and reaching thermal equilibrium faster. This is what happens when a hotter body is subjected to a colder one. Research Question: How does the surface area to volume ratio affect heat loss in organisms? Hypothesis: I hypothesize that the larger the surface area to volume ratio‚ the more heat will be lost and vice versa. In this experiment‚ there will be a series of sizes of round bottom flasks‚ each having a different surface area to volume
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Andrew Niccol’s 1997 film Gattaca supports the belief that nature‚ despite its defects‚ is preferable to a flawless genetically engineered existence. This idea is explored through the character of Vincent who exhibits desire‚ resilience and determination‚ natural human’ elements that cannot be manufactured and are seemingly not present in the faultless’ future that is presented in Gattaca. These characteristics appear to be contrasted by the other characters in the film‚ such as Anton and the conforming
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