exchange and may explain the variability of the exchange ratios observed under different experimental conditions. References and Notes 1. D. E. Clapham‚ Cell 131‚ 1047 (2007). 2. M. J. Berridge‚ M. D. Bootman‚ H. L. Roderick‚ Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 4‚ 517 (2003). 3. M. P. Blaustein‚ W. J. Lederer‚ Physiol. Rev. 79‚ 763
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Ki67 is a protein found in the nucleus of dividing cells and therefore necessary during cellular proliferation. The protein can be found in all phases of the cell cycle but not in resting cells. The Ki67 staining is used to determine growth of certain cell types and is therefore used on hyperproliferative cells such
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mercury. This means that copies of RNA will not be created and this will limit the amount of certain proteins and enzymes available during critical times in development and growth. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=erOP76_qLWA&feature=related The dogma of molecular biology entails the transcription of genetic information from DNA onto RNA and the translation of these mRNA messages into proteins and enzymes. It is the function of RNA polymerase‚ to copy the genetic message to messenger RNA as
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Brain Mechanisms of Fear Extinction: Historical Perspectives on the Contribution of Prefrontal Cortex Francisco Sotres-Bayon‚ Christopher K. Cain‚ and Joseph E. LeDoux What brain regions are involved in regulating behavior when the emotional consequence of a stimulus changes from harmful to harmless? One way to address this question is to study the neural mechanisms underlying extinction of Pavlovian fear conditioning‚ an important form of emotional regulation that has direct relevance to the treatment
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Biological Molecules: Carbohydrates‚ Lipids‚ Proteins By the end of this lab‚ the student should be able to: Identify the functional groups for each of the biomolecules that react in the following biochemical tests: Benedict’s test‚ Iodine test‚ Brown Bag test‚ Sudan III/IV test‚ and the Biuret’s Test. Describe the mechanism of reaction for: Benedict’s test‚ Iodine test‚ Sudan III/IV test‚ and the Biuret’s Test. Interpret the results when presented with data for each of the biochemical
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Rebekah Worley February 21‚ 2012 Mitchell Section 4 Biol 311 Staining and Identifying Unknown Bacteria Introduction: The microbiology lab up to this point has been used to teach the students how to stain and identify bacteria. There are several types of staining through which the bacteria can be identified based on the color and shape. The staining methods used in the lab are Gram Staining‚ Capsule Staining‚ Endospore Staining‚ and Acid Fast staining. One of the most significant method of
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Most of the cardiac injury ultimately results in development of cardiac fibrosis due to negligible regenerative capacity of heart. Cardiac fibrosis is associated with increased deposition of matrix proteins in the myocardium. The expansion of the cardiac interstitial space in absence of significant cardiomyocyte loss is “reactive interstitial fibrosis” and the formation of scar in response to myocardial infarction is called “reparative fibrosis” [10‚ 46]. Increased deposition of endomysial and perimysial
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Page 1 of 8 Winter 2013 BIOL 1001 Course Outline SC/BIOL 1001 3.0 Biology II – Evolution‚ Ecology‚ Biodiversity & Conservation Biology COURSE DIRECTOR / INSTRUCTORS / LAB DIRECTOR / TA COORDINATOR: Dr. Tamara Kelly Dr. Roberto Quinlan Dr. Mark Vicari Dr. Alex Mills Alex Bicket [Course Director‚ Instructor in Sections M‚ P] [Instructor‚ Section N] [Instructor‚ Section O] [Lab director] [TA Lab Coordinator] b1001lec@yorku.ca b1001lec@yorku.ca b1001lec@yorku.ca b1001lab@yorku
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that leads to programmed cell death by intrinsic and extrinsic pathways are known as caspases. Caspase-3 dependent apoptotic cell death was induced by Pierisin-6 in human cancer cell lines were . The HeLa and HepG2 cells were exposed to Pierisin-6 protein (2 and 25 ng/ml‚ respectively) for different time intervals (6‚ 2‚ 24‚ 36‚ 48 and 72 h) and the activation of Caspases-3 were detected. Caspase-3 activity increased significantly after Pierisin-6 treatment when compared with untreated cells (Fig.
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Rapid detection and quantification of Chikungunya virus by a one-step reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction real-time assay. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 77‚ 521-524. GHOSAL S.R.‚ MUTHUMANI K.‚ VIJAYACHARI P. (2011). CHARREL R.‚ DE LAMBALLERIE X. (2008). Chikungunya in north-eastern Italy: a consequence of seasonal synchronicity CHATTERJEE S.N.‚ SARKAR J.K. (1965b). Electron microscopic studies of suckling mouse brain cells infected with Chikungunya virus. Indian J. Exp. Biol. CHO B.‚ KIM J.‚ CHO
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