Extended experimental investigation: effects on membranes of environmental stress Background It is not possible to observe membranes directly‚ so this investigation is an indirect study of the effects of different substances and treatments on living beetroot cells. Beetroot cells have been chosen for this activity because each beetroot cell has a large central vacuole bounded by a membrane (Figure 1). Contained in the vacuole is the red pigment anthocyanin‚ which gives the beetroot its
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# 49 Diet The food an animal eat everyday is called diet. Most animals need 7 types of nutrients in their diet: carbohydrates‚ proteins‚ fats + water‚ fibre‚ vitamins‚ minerals. The amount of energy needed is provided mainly by our carbohydrate and fat intake. Your dietary requirements depend on your age‚ sex and activity. - Age: The energy demand increases until we stop growing. While children are growing they need more protein per kilogram of body weight than adults do. - Sex: Generally
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Dry Wallum The dry wallum is a harsh environment that is battered by the sun and wind every day and with a base of porous sand; water availability is very scarce and must be conserved. The abiotic factors in the dry wallum are that the area is exposed to high amounts of sunlight which causes a loss of water in the leaves through transpiration. Since the wallum is so dry and hot; bush fires play a major cycle in the dry wallum which the trees have adapted to cope with. The roots of the plant and
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Homework Title: Photosynthesis and Respiration 1) Define these terms and arrange them from smallest to largest: Ch 5 WIO #3 • Thylakoid membrane Answer: Thylakoid membrane is a compartment in a plant cell that has light pigment that carry out the photosynthesis process. • Chloroplast Answer: Chloroplast is a type of organelle found in plants and algae that carry our photosynthesis. • Reaction center Answer: Reaction center is where chlorophyll a molecule and other
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Gas exchange is a biological process that is essential for the survival of an organism. The purpose of this process is to obtain oxygen from the environment (which is necessary for cellular respiration‚ and to dispose of CO2‚ a bi product of respiration. An efficient gas exchange system has 3 requirements. It must have a large surface area over which the gases can diffuse. A large surface area maximises the amount of area available for the gases to exchange. It must also be moist. Oxygen must first
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Arrangement of Vascular Tissues in Flowering Plants • Xylem and phloem often are grouped together -> vascular bundle • Cambium -> lies in between xylem and phloem -> divide and differentiate -> form new xylem and phloem tissues -> thickening of stem Movement of Substances Into and Within Flowering Plants Entry of Water and Nutrients into Plants • Absorption of water -> root hairs -> grow into close contact with liquid around them • Thin film of liquid surrounding soil
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Virtual Lab: Punnett Squares Worksheet Part I: Answer the following questions: 1. Which of the following is most inclusive? a. allele b. genotype 2. Dominant alleles are represented by: a. an upper case letter b. a lower case letter c. it does not matter what type of letter is used 3. In fruit flies‚ gray body color is dominant over black body color. Using the letter G to represent body color‚ what is the genotype of a heterozygous gray bodied fly? a.
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Human Population Human Population As we look around us‚ we can actually see how things are becoming over crowded. Lines at the store‚ driving on the highways and how schools classrooms are getting bigger. This is all due to the human population intensifying. We add about a million and half people to our world population every week! What effects is this having on our environment? Is it hurting our water systems and changing our climates? What can we do as a society to help or change
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CYCLES IN BIOLOGY This essay will give examples of cycles in biology from different scales of magnification‚ ranging from molecular level to populations and ecosystems. Cycles are sequences of events which repeat themselves in the same order‚ one event leading to the next. There are many examples of these in Biology. Cycles can be seen even at a molecular level in the body. An example of this would include the passage of action potentials down neurones in the nervous system. When the cell membrane
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In Biology 1115‚ I learned a great deal about cytoskeleton. I have been able to recognize the functions of molecular structures which are microtubules‚ microfilament and intermediate filaments‚ but I still have confusion about those structures. For example‚ I always misunderstand the differences between microtubules and microfilament. Therefore‚ I got wrong in some multiple choices of this midterm. I went back to the notes and read them again after seeing my midterm which can help me to clarify and
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