Water moves via the process of osmosis: movement of water from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration. Tubular secretion is the final step in the process of urine formation which transfers materials from peritubular capillaries to renal tubular lumen and occurs mainly by active transport. ADH is secreted by the posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis) when there is a decrease in water concentration (increase in osmolarity) which will cause an increase in water reabsorption (decrease
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This begins with the binding of the substrate to the active site on the enzyme. The binding of the substrate to the enzyme causes changes in the distribution of electrons in the chemical bonds of the substrate. This then causes the reactions that lead to the formation of products that are then released from the enzyme surface to regenerate the enzyme for another reaction cycle. The active site has a unique shape that is complementary to the shape of a substrate molecule therefore‚ enzymes specifically
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Bubble Inside a Bubble Materials • • • • • • • • Granulated sugar (we had our best results using Imperial Sugar and Dixie Crystals) Dish soap Water Tablespoon Scissors Pipette Cup Adult supervision Bubbles form because of a combination of water’s hydrogen bonds and the oily film you can see shimmer in the light. The oily film you see is actually two separate layers of soap attached to‚ and surrounding‚ hydrogen-bonded water. Solar Oven S’mores Materials • Pizza box • Two clear sheet protectors
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glucose. Since it is difficult to assay the activity of β-galactosidase‚ we will be using the artificial substrate‚ o-nitrophenyl-β-galactoside (ONPG) instead of lactose. ONPG is an analog of lactose and an advantage of using ONPG is that it is easy to determine the amount of ONPG cleaved by using spectrometric assay (1). The β-galactosidase hydrolyzes ONPG and yields a yellow solution that contains o-nitrophenol and galactose. The solution becomes more yellow as the more ONPG is being degraded. Using
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Introduction: The purpose of this lab is to see how the colour of an apple would change (browning) over time‚ when placed in different conditions. When referring to the term “browning”‚ it is meant to imply the change of colour that occurs inside the apple‚ giving an appearance that is distasteful (Di Guardo et al.‚ 2013). Specifically‚ within this lab the apple was cut into 4 pieces with 3 pieces being placed on a weigh boat‚ and a 4th piece placed in a beaker of water. These weigh boats were
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Abstract This lab’s purpose was to test the patterns of percolation in various places. This lab tested how soil would absorb water based on different places. Distance from a group of trees‚ distance from a swamp‚ and different types of soil were tested. From the results collected‚ you can not prove‚ but you can infer that the ability to absorb increases as you go farther away from a swamp‚ and a group of trees. The ability to absorb also increases based on how much silt is in soil. Introduction
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specific function – meaning‚ they can only bind to certain substrates. Because these enzymes are proteins‚ they can be denatured. Enzymes can be denatured by many factors‚ such as pH and temperature. This lab was divided into three parts which examined the effects of pH‚ enzyme concentration and temperature on the rate of which enzymes catalyze. The pH is an index of hydrogen ions. In acidic conditions‚ where there is a high concentration of hydrogen ions‚ the hydrogen ions bind to negatively charged
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Coulomb’s Law Purpose: The purpose of this lab was to demonstrate that the force between two stationary charges is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely to the square of the distance between them. Coulomb’s law tells us that the force between two charges depends (1) linearly on the strength of each charge‚ and (2) inversely on the square of the distance between them. Mathematically we would write this as . Procedures Part1 Begin by removing the right side
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zmosis The IB Lab Report Measuring osmosis 1. Introduction My experiment is about osmosis on a potato and if or the quantity of salt affects osmosis. I would do the experiment with 5 potatoes cut into squares all the potatoes weight the same so the weight can`t be a variable the I put the potatoes on 5 different plastic cups with different amounts of salt and then I weight them again to see if the quantity of salt affected the osmosis of potatoes 1a. Research question ¿Does the quantity
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# Now You See It – Copper Cycle Lab The purpose of the lab is to discover what happens when someone executes a series of procedures‚ beginning with copper metal. What is done | What is observed | 1. Started with copper‚ Cu (s). | reddish‚ brownish‚ orange-ish‚ powder-like | 2. Added nitric acid‚ HNO3 (aq). | acid turns blue and smells like chlorine. | 3. Added water‚ H2O (l). | stayed the same | 4. Added sodium hydroxide‚ NaOH (aq). | changed consistency‚ gel-like | 5. Heated the
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