Eukaryotic cell cycle and Mitosis This Factsheet covers the relevant AS syllabus content of the major examining boards. By studying this factsheet the candidate will gain a knowledge and understanding of: • the different phases of the eukaryotic cell cycle (a eukaryotic cell has membrane bound organelles) • the importances of mitosis • the process of mitosis The eukaryotic cell cycle Fig 2. Quantity of DNA in the cell during different phases This is illustrated by Fig 1. DNA quantity/arbitrary
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BIO EXAM 1 BUILDING BLOCKS Aminoacids->Proteins->Enzymes Glucose=Polysaccrides Glyseral=Fat Molecule Neoclotides= DNA & RNA CRITERIA OF LIFE: (5) A. Biology: What is it?: BIOLOGY: is the scientific study of life B. What is life? -- Criteria for life: All living organisms have similar properties -composed of cells made up of macromolecules -growth‚ development & reproduction -heritable information in the form of DNA -sensitivity to stimuli -homeostasis (maintenance of internal environment)
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The history of DNA structure discovery(sec.4.1): 1869- Johan miescher •studies the nuclei of white blood cells(isolated th material using HCL and digestive proteins •Named the substance nulclein and also found the material was rich in nitrogen and phosphorus. 1919-Pheobus levene •Discovered that DNA was made of chains of nucleotides *see nucleotide structure* 1920 DNAvsRNA * see chart •Thought that 4 nucleotides were connected in the same repeated pattern •protein gas 20 amino acids
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DNA Replication at the Biochemical Level 3 5 7 3 5 4 3 10 5 12 11 1 9 2 8 6 3 Overall direction of replication 5 (College‚ 2013‚ figure 6) 7 DNA Replication at the Biochemical Level (diagram key) 1. DNA 2. Replication fork. 3. Helicase‚ enzyme that unwinds the parent double helix. 4. Single-stranded binding proteins‚ stabilize the unwound parent DNA so they cannot reattach. 5. Leading strands‚ synthesized continuously in the 5’-3’ direction by DNA polymerase. 6. Lagging strands‚
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DNA Worksheet Answer the following in at least 100 words: 1. Describe the structure of DNA. A molecule of DNA is made up of long chains of polymers and monomers called nucleotides. Those chains‚ two in particular that compose a strain of DNA‚ are formed by the grouping of nucleotides into polynucleotides. A nitrogenous base‚ a sugar‚ and a phosphate group make up the composition of a nucleotide. In the case of DNA‚ the four nucleotides that are found along the chain of DNA are thymine (T)
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Topic 2: Cells 2.1 Cell Theory 2.1.1: Outline cell theory Living organisms are composed of cells Cells are the smallest unit of life Cells come from pre-existing cells 2.1.2: Discuss the evidence for cell theory Humans have not been able to find any living thing that is not made up of at least one cell Robert Hooke first described cells when looking at cork through a microscope Louis Pasteur´s experiments: he discovered that all cells must come fom pre-existing cells 2.1.3: State that
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the Metric Division Case Study This case study analysis is intended to identify the major problems facing the Metric Division‚ and assess some potential solutions. The final recommendation utilizes the Action Research Model (ARM) (Cummings & Worley‚ 2001) to come up with viable‚ practical solutions. This study assumes that the reader has read and is familiar with the Metric Division Case Study. Problem Identification There are three major problems afflicting the Metric Division. The following
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DNA Replication Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) contains the genetic instructions for the biological development of a cellular form of life including some viruses. DNA is an antiparallel double helix molecule with sugar-phosphate backbone on the outer side and nitrogen bases in the inner side. The bases are paired specifically‚ also known as complementary pairing‚ Adenine (A) with Thymine (T)‚ and Guanine (G) with Cytosine (C) by two and three hydrogen bonds‚ respectively. DNA is a long polymer
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Write a 350 to 700 word summary describing if the collection of DNA without consent unreasonably intrudes on an arrestees’ expectation of privacy. How long can police keep your DNA on file after an arrest or conviction? Can law enforcement use a person’s DNA to match against other crimes unrelated to the one they initially obtained it for? Provide examples and or reasons. The collection of DNA without consent can unreasonably be seen as intruding on someone who has been not been arrested however
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organisms. A. Responsiveness – organisms respond to changes in their immediate environment (long term changes is adaptability) B. Growth – over a lifetime‚ organisms grow larger through an increase in size or number of cells. Differentiation is when cells have specialized functions C. Reproduction – Organisms reproduce‚ creating subsequent generations of similar organisms D. Movement – Organisms are capable of movement a. Internal – moving food‚ blood‚ or other materials
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