FRQ #3 a) The flow of genetic information from DNA to protein in eukaryotic cells is called the central dogma of biology. The role of RNA in protein synthesis is extremely important as protein synthesis could not occur without RNA. Three forms of RNA exist solely to create proteins. Through a process known as translation‚ RNA constructs the proteins necessary to sustain life. Spliceosomes Process pre-mRNA by splicing out intronic nucleic acids producing mRNA which is then translated to protein
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The function of a capsid‚ in virus biology‚ is to serve as a protective outer layer that protects the genetic material of the virus from the host’s defensive cells. The capsid is made up of proteins. The nucleic acid is what is contained within the capsid‚ which is a group of long‚ linear macromolecules‚ consisting of either DNA or RNA. There are two different cycles in which the virus uses a host cell to replicate and reproduce itself. These two cycles are known as the lytic cycle‚ and the lysogenic
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change with temperature. As glucose is oxidised‚ oxygen is used up and carbon dioxide and heat energy is produced. Increment in temperature / production of CO2 or O2 consumption would hence be good indicators for the experiment. 1) Hypothesis [What other statements can I make‚ other the ones they mentioned about in the preview of the experiment?] 2) Procedures a) Weigh a mealworm and record its mass (0.61g). b) Set-up: Put 5 NaOH pellets into an Eppendorf tube. Place in inverted into
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Biology Revision summer 2012 1-Characteristics of living organisms Nutrition- taking in of nutrients which are organic substances and mineral ions ‚ containing raw materials or energy for growth and tissue repair ‚ absorbing and assimilating them . Excretion- the removal from organisms of toxic material‚ the waste products of metabolism and substances in excess of requirement . Respiration- the chemical reactions that break down the Sensitivity- The ability to detect or sense changes in the
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Biology 1500 Name: Chapter 10 Assignment 1. What is Genetics? The study of the way in which an individual’s traits are transmitted from one generation to the next. 2. What is heredity? Heredity is the tendency for traits to be passed from parent to offspring. 3. Why did Gregor Mendel choose garden peas to student for his experiments? Mendel chose to work with the garden pea because several of its characteristics made it easy to work with: many varieties were available‚ he knew
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Answer the following in at least 100 words: 1. Describe the structure of DNA. DNA is a structure of specific molecules and a complex mixture of chemicals. DNA is a nucleic acid‚ which is a group of complex compounds that can be found in all living cells or viruses‚ and controls cell health and function. Nucleic acids are composed of polymers and monomers‚ which are referred to as nucleotides. There are four different types of nucleotides that make up the structure of DNA‚ which are abbreviated
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Biology coursework The aim of this experiment is to investigate the affect of pH on the enzyme amylase. The amylase is used to break down the polysaccharide starch. Amylase is a digestive enzyme classified as a saccharidase (an enzyme that cleaves polysaccharides). It is mainly a constituent of pancreatic juice and saliva‚ needed for the breakdown of long-chain carbohydrates (such as starch) into smaller units. Amylase is also synthesized in the fruit of many plants during ripening‚ causing them
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Biology coursework: Substrate specificity in yeast AIM: To find out which substrate (glucose‚ starch‚ maltose‚ sucrose or lactose)‚ does yeast‚ the organism containing the enzyme‚ breaks down the quickest. Introduction: Usually‚ every enzyme has a specific substrate that is what we call the “lock and key” theory. We can try the reaction of an enzyme with different substrates and this enzyme will just work well with one of those substrates. One type of reaction catalyzed by enzymes is anaerobic respiration
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Biology Reviewer I. Definition of the cell -Cell is the basic unit/structure of life II. History of cell A. (1665) Robert Hooke- discovered the cell and he established the drawing of a cork cell B. (1674) Anton van Leeuwenhoek- observed red blood cell and myriad in a single cell organism in Pond water -discovered
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described the plants used in this study (i.e. the authority) [0.5 marks] Glenn E. Bartley and Pablo A. Scolnik What is the aim of the study? [1 mark] The aim of this study is to modify knowledge of genes and enzymes for carotenoid biosynthesis in plant and also put some light on the challenges that are currently being faced by plant developmental biology and biotechnology. What is the author’s hypothesis? Was it supported or refuted by their research? [2 marks] The author’s hypothesis
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