What is the aim of the study? [1 mark] The aim of this study is to modify knowledge of genes and enzymes for carotenoid biosynthesis in plant and also put some light on the challenges that are currently being faced by plant developmental biology and biotechnology. What is the author’s hypothesis? Was it supported or refuted by their research? [2 marks] The author’s hypothesis was that‚ “ Carotenoids protect photosynthetic organisms against potentially harmful photooxidative processes
Free Photosynthesis
Cycles in Biology Cycles in biology play a fundamental role in the world that we live in. Cycles occur all around and inside of us in many different forms‚ from the Krebs to the Calvin cycle. There are large scale cycles happening and they are essential in regulating the nutrients and substances that are around us which without‚ life on earth could no function. One of the largest cycles that occurs all around us is in everyday life is the carbon cycle. The current atmospheric
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BLUEPRINT OF LIFE: CHAPTER 2 GENETICS Gregor Mendel’s experiments helped advance our knowledge of the inheritance of characteristics 2.1 GREGOR MENDEL AND THE BIRTH OF GENETICS Gregor Mendel (1822-84) – ‘the father of genetics’ Born in Austria He was an Augustinian monk He worked as a teacher and as an investigator He observed the growth of peas He recorded the ratios of characteristics that appeared in the offspring His discovery stated he observed a pattern in the inheritance of characteristics
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Unit Biology B1a (Human Biology) Biology Unit Biology B1a (Human Biology) Thursday 1 March 2012 For this paper you must have: a black ball-point pen an objective test answer sheet. You may use a calculator. F&H BLY1AP Morning Session Time allowed 30 minutes Instructions Fill in the boxes at the top of this page. Check that your name‚ candidate number and centre number are printed on the separate answer sheet. Check that the separate answer sheet has the title ‘Biology Unit
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multiplication of X2 was used for solutions 3 **A multiplication of X4 was used for solution 2 and 4 **A multiplication of X8 was used for solution 5 CALCULATIONS: Solution 2 Initial Volume (V1) x Initial Concentration (C2) = Final Volume (V2) x Final Concentration (C2) 4 V = 5 x 1.5 4 V = 7.5 V = 1.875 cm3 Volume of water = 5 -1.875 = 3.125 Using
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Edusmart Study Centre Biology Notes Class 10 1. How are our eyes protected? • Eyes are situated in the eye-socket of the skull • Eyelids with eyelash protect from dust and other particles • Tears keep eyes wet ‚ washes away the dust particles and prevent infection • The conjunctiva covers the front portion of the eye except cornea 2. Which are the 3 layers of human eye? • Sclera –The outermost‚ strong layer‚ that gives shape. Its
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1. 2. 3. All of Allison’s eggs will carry the X chromosome and 50% of Allison’s egg cells will carry the recessive allele (hexa). 4.a. There is a 25% chance that Allison and Tim will have a baby boy who is heterozygous for Tay-Sachs. b. No‚ the baby boy will not have Tay-Sachs he will be a carrier for the disease. The boy would only have the disease if he was homozygous recessive. | X | Y | X | XX | XY | X | XX | XY | 1:2 1:2 | T | t | T | TT | Tt | t | Tt | tt
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born in Derby‚ England 1855 - he published his second book Principles of Psychology which was about exploring a physiological basis for psychology. 1864 - know for coining the expression "survival of the fittest" which he did in the Principles of biology. 1862 - First Principles of a New system of Philosophy. 1902 - Spencer was nominated for the Nobel Prize for literature 12/8/1903 - died Ronald Fisher 2/17/1890 - Born in East Finchley‚ London‚ England 1925 - published a book called ’Statistical
Free Evolution Natural selection Charles Darwin
Biology revision -keeping healthy Diet and Exercise What should a balanced diet include? Carbohydrates‚proteins‚fats‚vitamins‚minerals‚fibre‚water. Don’t get enough of these? Become malnourished. How much energy do we need? The energy you need depends on various things : 1. Gender- Males need more energy then females‚ Bigger size‚ have a bigger ratio of muscle to fat than women. 2. Age- Young people are still growing‚ they are reproducing and are more active (exercise) than old people
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F1? of the F2? of the offspring of a cross of the F1 back to its white parent? of the offspring of a cross of the F1 back to its yellow parent? Parents: WW (white) x ww (yellow) F1: all white (Ww) F2: 3/4 white (1/4 WW + 1/2 Ww) : 1/4 yellow (ww) F1 white (Ww) x white parent (WW) offspring: all white (1/2 WW + 1/2 Ww) F1 white (Ww) x yellow parent (ww) offspring: 1/2 white (Ww) : 1/2 yellow (ww) 3. A white-fruited squash plant when crossed with a yellow-fruited one produces offspring about half of
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