reddish-purple color Hydroxamate test amides and esters red-purple color appears Iodoform test methyl ketones yellow precipitate Iron hydroxide test nitro groups red-brown precipitate Jones test 1o and 2o alcohols orange reagent turns blue-green Lucas test 2o‚ 3o‚ and benzylic alcohols cloudy solution or separate layer
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Experiment 12: Isopentyl Acetate 19 October 2012 Introduction: The purpose of this experiment is to prepare isopentyl acetate by direct esterification of acetic acid with isopentyl alcohol. After refluxing there is an isolation procedure where excess acetic acid and remaining isopentyl alcohol are easily removed by extraction with sodium bicarbonate and water. The ester is then purified by simple distillation and the IR is then obtained. Techniques and equipment used throughout the experiment
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a table for the outcomes of these tests Substance | Test | Outcome | Starch | Iodine solution | If starch is present it will go Black/Blue | Sugar | Benedict’s Solution | when added to glucose and heated‚ turns brownish-orange | Protein | Biuret Test | The intensity of the colour is directly proportional to the concentration of a substance in a solution. Therefore if the colour was red there would be more protein. | Fats | Ethanol | If fats are present the paper it has been placed on will
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LIMITING REAGENT Practice Problems 1. At high temperatures‚ sulfur combines with iron to form the brown-black iron (II) sulfide: Fe (s) + S (l) ( FeS (s) In one experiment‚ 7.62 g of Fe are allowed to react with 8.67 g of S. a. What is the limiting reagent‚ and what is the reactant in excess? b. Calculate the mass of FeS formed. 2. Arcylonitrile‚ C3H3N‚ is the starting material for the production of a kind of synthetic fiber acrylics) and can be made from
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Benedict’s reagent changed colour because it indicated the presence of mono- and di- saccharides in the solution. Observation #5 There weren’t any differences in the results of step 4 when compared with the results of step 2. This is because all the Lugol’s solution is doing is indicating if starches are present. Starches are present no matter if the cracker is solid or chewed up. However‚ there were differences in the results of step 5/6 and step 3. In step 3‚ when Benedict’s reagent was added
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4. Insert a few drops of antiserum in bottom of a small test tube and carefully add some of the filtrate down the side of the tube to form a layer of antigen above antiserum. 5. Include appropriate positive and negative specimen controls. Reagents used: * Acetic acid * Saline containing 0.5% phenol * Anthrax antiserum: Antiserum is prepared in rabbits by the subcutaneous Inoculation of Sterne anthrax vaccine on days 1 and 14. On days 28 and 35‚ the rabbits receive 0.5 mL of a
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University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Pharmacy Organic Chemistry Laboratory APPLICATION OF DIFFERENT KINDS OF TEST TO CLASSIFY HYROXY- AND CARBONYL-CONTAINING COMPOUNDS Jane Catherine SP. Villanueva‚ Edenn Claudine C. Villaraza‚ Lorenz Oliver C. Villegas and Cristel Bernice T. Wee Group 10 2G-Medical Technology Organic Chemistry Laboratory ABSTRACT Hydroxyl group refers to a functional group containing OH- when it is a substituent in an organic compound. It is also known as the characteristic
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Lab report NF-κB 1. Aim The aim with this lab was through using ELISA-based technique learn how IL-1 and LPS activate the NF-κB signaling pathway in insulin-producing cells and see if the activation can be prevented through inhibition of proteasomal activity. In addition the purpose of this lab was to detect whether NF-κB activation leads to induction of the iNOS enzyme or not. 2. Background NF-κB is a transcription factor that in its inactive form is bound to IκB‚ which is a cytoplasmic inhibitory
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affect the equilibrium system‚ explain and interpret the results based on Le Chatelier’s principle. The shifts in the position of the equilibrium were induced by the change in concentration and temperature. In changing the concentration‚ different reagents were added to a solution at equilibrium state. In changing the temperature‚ a solution inside a test tube was heated while another one was cooled. The changes in color of the solution indicated that a shift in the equilibrium occurred. II. KEYWORDS:
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FOUNDATION IN SCIENCE INTRODUCTION TO PRACTICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY – MAKING AND PURIFYING ORGANIC COMPOUNDS Stage 1 – Deciding how much reagent to use Most organic reactions do not go to completion; most reach an equilibrium position with significant quantities of reactants still remaining. In addition‚ separating the desired product from the rest of the reaction mixture‚ and then purifying it‚ will result in the loss of more of the product. The amount of product obtained expressed as a percentage
Free Distillation Sulfuric acid Acetic acid