----------------------------------------------------------- 7 * CONCLUSION ----------------------------------------------------------- 8 * REFERENCE ----------------------------------------------------------- 9 TITLE Osmotic pressure within red blood cell. INTRODUCTION Osmosis is a passive movement of water molecules going across the partially permeable membrane. It is a very spontaneous process due to the downhill energy flow known as “water potential” by which‚ water molecules move
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Case Study 1 A&P II Age-Related Changes that Occur in the Cardiovascular System As we age‚ certain changes in the heart are inevitable. Even in the absence of disease‚ the wall of the heart thickens‚ heart rate slows‚ maximum heart rate declines‚ and the heart doesn’t pump as efficiently as it once did. Health problems‚ such as hypertension‚ coronary disease‚ congestive heart failure‚ and myocardial infraction are more common in the elderly and aggravate age- related degenerative change in the
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respiratory system. I predict that whilst carrying out the exercise‚ the breathing rate will considerably increase from resting to working breathing rate. However due to the fitness of the volunteer this breathing rate could be different. As soon as the volunteer has stopped the exercise‚ I predict that the breathing rate will steadily decrease over a number of minutes until it gets back to resting breathing rate. I can justify my prediction as throughout the exercise the oxygen requirement will
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This lab focused on three factors affecting reaction rates‚ temperature‚ surface area‚ and concentration. Our first experiment (table 1) looked mainly into the effects of temperature on the reaction rate. To see how different temperatures would change the reaction rates we had three flasks all containing varying temperatures of water(H20). One with cold water (4°C)‚ one room temperature (21°C)‚ and one with hot water (44°C). In each flask‚ we dropped one tablet of Alka-Seltzer‚ all within 0.008 grams
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Blood lactate profile report Trained -v- Untrained The purpose of this test was to determine individuals‚ (trained and untrained) lactate threshold and subsequently interpret the results. This will allow for a comparison in how training affects the accumulation of blood lactate by using the results from the trained versus the untrained individual. When the rate of lactate production exceeds the rate of uptake‚ lactic acid accumulates in the blood volume‚ and then we see the onset of blood
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In this lab the rate of germination in relation to temperature was observed testing the hypothesis‚ if the seeds are exposed to cold temperatures then they will not germinate. In the standard germination test a total of one hundred corn seeds were divided into four groups of twenty-five and each group was used to make a ragdoll. The rag dolls were germinated in room temperature. In the cold test one hundred corn seeds were placed on four layers of moist paper towels in the bottom of a metal tray
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century that separates Joseph Conrad’s exploration of colonial regime in his novella Heart of Darkness and Edward Zwick’s post-colonial film Blood Diamond‚ the values driving the major characters and factions from the different texts are comparably similar. In both texts‚ there are individuals showcasing major facets motivated by greed‚ obsessed with the stimulus that is presented in either century. In Conrad’s Heart of Darkness‚ the character ‘Kurtz’ is primarily stimulated by greed. His obsession
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Measurement of Heart Rate for Autonomic Nervous System Abstract: The Autonomic Nervous System lab was designed to measure reaction times by using a variety of tests that affect the heart rate. These tests were the startle‚ stroop‚ Valsalva maneuver‚ diving reflex‚ and a test of our choice. The test our group chose to measure the heart rate in response to doing a trust fall to anticipate the stress right before the fall. To begin this lab we chose a participant‚ and then hooked their finger
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The Effect of pH on Enzymatic Reaction Rate Abstract Enzymes are affected by changes in pH. The most favorable pH value— the point where the enzyme is most active—is known as the optimum pH. This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of pH reaction rate on an enzyme‚ catalase‚ from yeast. The experimental results indicate that the catalase worked best at a neutral pH level of seven (7). Introduction An enzyme is a protein molecule that serves as a catalyst. “The basic function of
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The human blood buffer response to increased amounts of acids and bases was determined by titration of a 25.00 mL sample of H2PO4 buffer solution with 0.1 M HCl and 0.1 M NaOH. The volume of 0.1 M HCl is about double of the amount 0.1 M NaOH used to lower/raise the pH of a blood buffer. In this experiment‚ HCl (a strong acid) and NaOH (a strong base) are used as examples of strong acids/bases‚ and the titration with H2PO4 shows the effect on a buffer solution. The assumption was the addition
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