to somehow align. The host‚ pathogen‚ and environment/vector all have to interact at the same time. The vector-borne disease triangle illustrates that without one corner‚ the transmission of the disease would not be possible. This triangle includes hosts‚ environments/vectors‚ and pathogens. Hosts are often humans‚ dogs‚ or monkeys and are fed on by a vector. Vectors usually include mosquitos‚ fleas‚ ticks‚ mites‚ and many more. The last part of the triangle is pathogens‚ these consist of viruses‚
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different ways in which your immune system can destroy invading pathogens. References http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/ocr_gateway/understanding_organisms/staying_healthyrev4.shtml http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/ocr_gateway/understanding_organisms/staying_healthyrev5.shtml http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/aqa_pre_2011/human/defendingagainstinfectionrev4.shtml How can your body stop pathogens getting into your body in the first place? Body defences
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Pathogens have evolved and have various ways to transmit from one host to another. Transmission from one host to another is one way how microbes are able to survive in a long run and maintain their species survivability. If pathogens were not able to transmit‚ upon the death of the host‚ the microbes would not have any means to infect another host. Some pathogens have only one mean of transmitting whereas there are other pathogens that can be transmitted via many different methods. In general‚ there
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THE SEARCH FOR BETTER HEALTH 1.What is a healthy organism? Discuss the difficulties in defining the terms ‘health’ and ‘disease’ * Health – state of physical‚ mental and social wellbeing. It is not just absence of disease * disease – any condition which effects the functioning of any part of a living organism * difficulties in defining health and disease; * health 1) the definition of health varies with age eg stiffness in the joints is probably more common in a 90yo
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to recognize pathogens.(Microbilogy‚7th edition by JACQUELYN G. BLACK) Innate immunity‚the body’s built-in ability to regonize and destroy pathogens or their products.Innate immunity is largelly a function of phagocytes‚cells that can engulf‚kill and digest most pathogens.Innate responses recognize a variety of common structural features found on foregion molecules and pathogens‚and nearlly all phagocytes have the ability to interact with most pathogens.Interaction in pathogens stimulate large
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occur deep at the site of the procedure‚ can carry mortality as high as 77%. As illustrated below there are several key steps or “chains” that have to be connected to result in infection. However‚ for SSIs‚ the initial introduction of microbial pathogens occurs most often during the surgical procedure performed in the Operating Theatre (OT). Fig. 8: Transmission cycle in OT Susceptible Hosts Clients Service providers Ancillary Staff Community members Reservoirs People Water and solutions
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Unit 22 ICO2 Causes and Spread of infection Introduction The aim of this workbook is to allow you to present evidence for the criteria listed below. Your assessor will ask you to consider your job role and experience in your workplace to answer the questions contained within this assignment. Your assessor will assess your answers and provide you with feedback. Unit Summary This unit is aimed at those who work in health or social care settings or with children or young people in a wide range
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reservoirs of infection for human diseases; these include human reservoirs‚ animal reservoirs and non-living reservoirs. Human reservoirs are people that are infected with disease and may pass their infection on to other people by transmitting their pathogens‚ spreading the disease. Humans can transmit diseases by: ¥ Horizontal transmission: From one person to another person‚
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Chapter 22: Oral and Gastrointestinal Diseases Question Type: Multiple Choice 1) Feces are composed about 50% by weight and volume of bacteria. Most of these are species of ________. a) Salmonella b) Escherichia c) Bacteroides d) Streptococcus Answer: c Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective 1: LO 22.1 Review the anatomy of the digestive tract as it pertains to microbial defenses. Section Reference 1: Section 22.1 Components of the Digestive system 2) Streptococcus form ________ ‚ polysaccharides
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Exam 2 Study Guide w/ Chapters 15‚ 16‚ 17 1) Innate Immunity (p.446): A defenses against pathogens that is present at birth. Two major lines of defense; 1. Physical : Skin (epidermis + dermis) and mucous membranes 2. Internal: Cell and chemicals that inactivate or kill invaders Adaptive immunity (p.446): The body’s ability to recognize and defend itself against distinct invaders and their products. 2) Five attributes of adaptive immunity (p.471) 1. Specificity: When the immune response acts
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