How diseases affect the lives of humans A disease is an abnormal condition affecting the body of an organism. It is often construed to be a medical condition associated with specific symptoms and signs. It may be caused by external factors‚ Pathogens such as infectious disease‚ or it may be caused by internal dysfunctions‚ such as autoimmune diseases. In humans‚ "disease" is often used more broadly to refer to any condition that causes pain‚ dysfunction‚ distress‚ social problems‚ or death to the
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System The immune system has two intrinsic systems: 1. Innate (nonspecific) defense system 2. Adaptive (specific) defense system The immune system is a functional system rather than structural; there are no specific immune system organs Pathogen: a disease-causing agent; anything foreign in our body that causes disease Three lines of defense: 1st: external barriers 2nd: several non-specific defense mechanisms 3rd: immunity‚ specific resistance to disease I. Innate Defenses (pp
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reducing the risk of foreign matter in food preventing cross contamination eg direct‚ indirect The importance of clearing and disposing of food waste promptly and safely:preventing pest hazards preventing the multiplication of food poisoning bacteria (pathogens)reducing risk of food decay eg smell‚ becoming unfit to eat The importance of storing different types of food and drink safely:use by dates‚ best before dates types of food eg dry foods‚ chilled foods‚ raw foods frozen foods reducing risk of contamination
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with a mucus membrane that collects foreign particles. Once the mucus‚ or airway surface liquid (ASL) traps particles‚ mucus clearance is an essential mechanism to remove the foreign particles‚ such as dust‚ bacteria‚ viruses and other potential pathogens‚ and to keep our airways and lungs clean and free of obstruction. An important mechanism for clearing mucus involves moving water across the membrane‚ out of the cell‚ into the mucus. This movement of water is a result of chloride and sodium transport
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included severe coughing. Throat swabs were collected from the girls and sent to a laboratory in the next larger city for investigation. Introduction The air is a complex mixture of dust‚ sediment‚ and airborne pathogens. Case study 49 dealt with the identification of unknown harmful pathogens that inhabit the upper respiratory tract. Haemophilus species‚ Bordetella species‚ and Corynebacteria diphtheria are common causative agents of upper respiratory illness and served as a lead for this investigation
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Organ transplantation is a treatment of choice to replace damaged organs through the intervention of a donor. There are several types of donors according to their provenance. The donor of organs between two identical twins is called isograft‚ when donor and recipient is the same individual is called autograft‚ donor from the same species but different person is called allograft and donor coming from different species with the recipient is called xenograft (Fernandez‚ 2012). Apart of the above
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is a critical element of these two missions.” In addition‚ and as a result of the hyper-connectivity brought about through globalization‚ issues that were once isolated to specific nations can now pose significant risk to others - for instance‚ pathogens such as H1N1 spread country to country in a matter of weeks thanks to air travel. Thus‚ it can be argued that the maintaining international institutions that can address new and complex challenges is in the key interest of the United States. Five
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What Are the Environmental Factors That Affect Health Health is affected by a combination of factors. The condition and environment is an important consideration when determining health. Other than the more commonly considered factors such as healthcare access‚ factors that have large impacts on the health of a population include the living conditions‚ genetics‚ level of education and the state of the environment. Thus‚ the World Health Organization has defined the determinants of health‚ which are
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SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT OF HOSPITALS IN KATHMANDU By: Ramesh Kaphle I. INTRODUCTION ENVIRONMENTAL problems are at top priority since last few decades as these are directly vulnerable to human beings‚ animals‚ crops and surrounding environment as well. These issues are so vital to discuss and are not ignorable at any cost. Hospitals are the places of health care and if waste will be not disposed off properly then most of the stakeholders may get infected especially employees working in the
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Running head: HAND HYGIENE Hand Hygiene The hands are the most used body organ and are exposed to pathogens at a higher level than any other part of our body. For humans to maintain a state of good health‚ we have to reduce the transmission to these pathogens. One proven method to interrupt the transmission is by maintaining hand hygiene. Hand hygiene‚ is the simplest most effective measure for preventing nosocomial infection. Evidence to support the importance of hand hygiene in infection prevention
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