Chapter 35: Nursing Management: Heart Failure Test Bank MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. While assessing a 68-year-old with ascites‚ the nurse also notes jugular venous distention (JVD) with the head of the patient’s bed elevated 45 degrees. The nurse knows this finding indicates a. decreased fluid volume. b. jugular vein atherosclerosis. c. increased right atrial pressure. d. incompetent jugular vein valves. ANS: C The jugular veins empty into the superior vena cava and then into the right atrium‚ so JVD with
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Right sided heart failure happens when the right side of the heart is unable to pump an adequate amount of blood to the lungs and out of the right side of the heart. This either happens because the hearts muscles are unable to fully contract or they are inflamed not allowing an adequate amount of blood to enter them. This leads to a backup in venous blood. The venous blood puts pressure on the walls of the blood vessels (especially in the legs). This causes blood plasma to leak into the interstitial
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Assignment: Treatment of Heart Failure: The severity of HF is determined by The New York Carvedilol and Ramipril Heart Association classification (NYHA)‚ which is Keywords: Heart failure‚ beta-blockers‚ carvedilol‚ summarized in the table 15. angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors‚ ramipril. INTRODUCTION Heart failure (HF) is the disease of the elderly. Over 70% of the patients are older than 65 years. The risk of having the condition rises with age. HF can be defined as a clinical syndrome
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term paper is to provide information about the different kinds of algal blooms and their effect on environment and society. There are still a lot that is not known about the algal bloom phenomenon‚ and many different hypotheses have been presented to explain these. Throughout the course of this paper those hypotheses will be presented and discussed‚ allowing the reader to derive their own opinion about the origin of algal blooms and what will happen in the future. table of contents Table
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Left Sided Heart Failure When the left side of the heart is not able to pump enough blood forward the blood will back up into the lungs. This stops the rest of the body from receiving the oxygen its needs because the blood is in the lungs so tiredness and shortness of breath are very common. Right Sided Heart Failure When the right side of the heart is not able to pump efficiently. This causes blood to back up in the veins and other parts of the body causing swelling in the body including
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INTRODUCTION Mosquitoes are insects that transmit a blood parasite that causes diseases. In the past‚ mosquito-borne disease presented sever problem to different parts of the world. Researchers began to study mosquitoes by its taxonomy‚ morphology and internal characteristics of the insects for obtaining the reason why they cause such disease. One of the disease caused by mosquitoes is malaria‚ malaria is not the lone mosquito-borne disease that caused troubles during
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Studying the bonobo has given researchers much insight into our closest living relative. Unfortunately‚ according to a number of different journal articles‚ the bonobo is on the verge of extinction. However‚ in order to understand the conservation issues associated with the bonobo‚ we must first be able to classify the animal with respect to its families and groups. The bonobo is classified according to the taxonomic hierarchy. Bonobos belong to the superfamily Hominoidea that includes apes and
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Consequences of Algal Blooms Algae are chlorophyll containing organisms which occur in both marine and freshwater environments and can be unicellular or multi-cellular. Algae form the base of many food chains and are essential to marine life. However although algae are beneficial to aquatic life‚ the rapid multiplication of algae can form something commonly referred to as algal blooms. Algal blooms occur due to a number of factors. If there is a decrease in the number of grazers in the
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pressure most importantly‚ heart conditions. If you are obese and have severe impairments of the heart valve‚ arteries‚ capillaries and veins then you may be eligible for Social Security Disability insurance benefits. Obesity can cause congested heart failure‚ which means that the heart isn’t functioning properly and the body becomes congested with fluid. This illness is dangerous and if not properly treated can be fatal. Other heart conditions caused by obesity are Ischemic heart disease‚ aneurysm of
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Chronic Heart Failure Exacerbation Preparation Questions 1. List the risk factors for chronic left-sided heart failure related to coronary artery disease. Coronary Artery disease‚ Hypertension‚ Substance abuse‚ Dysrhythmias‚ Diabetes mellitus‚ Smoking/tobacco use‚ Obesity 2. Explain the cause of the compensations for chronic heart failure. Insufficient cardiac output causes compensatory mechanisms work to improve cardiac output. They include‚ sympathetic nervous system stimulation‚ Renin=angiotensin
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