Unit 1: The Body and its Diseases – January 2012 3 Question Marking Guidance Mark Comments 1(a) Phospholipid/lipid/bilayer; 1 1(b)(i) Protein; 1 1(b)(ii) 2 possible functions;; e.g. carrier; channel; 2 Allow named examples‚ e.g. facilitated diffusion‚ active transport Accept transport of two substances of ion/molecular size 1(c) Mitochondrion/mitochondria; 1 Mark Scheme – General Certificate of Education (A-level) Human Biology – Unit 1: The Body and its Diseases – January 2012
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mechanism for interpreting the physical state of the body‚ but it also acts as a teaching mechanism for recognizing and avoiding harmful conditions. Conversely‚ the body also has numerous pathways for relieving pain (Ossipov 2012). As the medical field advances‚ there is a strong push to find the safest and most effective ways to relieve pain. The most understood pain-relieving system in the body is the endogenous opioid system. The endogenous opioid system produces three opioids‚ which act as neurotransmitters
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The Endocrine System Sarah Horton Texas Woman’s University Introduction The endocrine system is one of two systems in the human body that regulates all bodily functions. It is comprised of organs called endocrine glands and include the ovaries‚ testes‚ pituitary‚ hypothalamus‚ pineal‚ pancreas‚ kidneys‚ thyroid‚ parathyroid‚ thymus‚ and adrenal glands. These glands‚ which are spread throughout the body‚ are responsible for the extensive and enduring release of certain hormones into the bloodstream
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The kidneys are two of the most important anatomical structures in the human body because of their role in removing excess water and waste that has accumulated as a normal by-product of metabolic activity. A healthy pair of kidneys does an effective job of filtering molecules from the bloodstream that are no longer useful to the body while preventing the escape of particles that the body can still use. It accomplishes this feat through the use of a specialized membrane that is strategically placed
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The Integumentary system is considered the largest system in the human body that protects it from various kinds of damage‚ however this does not prevent skin disorders to appear. Keloids is a skin disorder that results from the overgrowth of scar tissue that occurs at the site of a skin injury. They occur where trauma‚ surgery‚ blisters‚ vaccinations‚ acne or body piercing have injured the skin. Keloids can affect any part of the body‚ but they are most commonly found on the chest. According
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to occur in the body for each reaction to occur. Refer to your drawing from Step 24. Information from the flow chart you created in Activity 2.2.1 might also be helpful. The involuntary activation of the quadriceps muscle was faster than voluntary time; the reason could be that when you had to hear the sound for the voluntary activation you had to process the sound than process kicking. This would take longer than automatically kicking with the involuntary activation. In the body an impulse nerve
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another’s reputation Falseness: statement must be false Communicated: must be communicated to at least one person other than the plaintiff Injury: plaintiff must show injury Slander per se: involves false statement‚ about sexual behavior‚ crimes‚ disease‚ and professional abilities False Imprisonment: the intentional restraint of another person without reasonable cause and without consent Ex: a store may detain a customer or worker for allegedly shoplifting provided there is a reasonable basis for
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The human body has eleven main body systems. They are groups of bodily organs coming together to keep the human body going; they can perform one or more functions. The eleven body systems consist of the skeletal system‚ muscular system‚ nervous system‚ circulatory system‚ immune system‚ endocrine system‚ digestive system‚ excretory system‚ respiratory system‚ integumentary system‚ and the reproductive system. The skeletal system is the foundation to the body containing 206 bones and movable and
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Disorders and Diseases Affecting the Lymphatic System The lymphatic system plays a key role in regulating the flow of fluids and proteins between the tissues and the general circulation. The lymphatic vessels collect fluid‚ white blood cells‚ proteins‚ and particulate matter that have leaked out of the capillaries into interstitial space. Lymph fluid then flows to the lymph nodes‚ which act as filters. The fluid is transported to the circulatory system routed through the lymphatic duct and thoracic
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The body system that most interests me is the cardiovascular system‚ I chose this system because I’m fascinated with how the heart works and how the blood flows throughout our whole body. The heart is a muscle that contracts which allows blood to be pushed throughout the body. The heart provides many nutrients and blood to the whole body along with many vital organs. The heart is spilt into four chambers: the right atrium‚ left atrium‚ left ventricle‚ and right ventricle. The blood flow starts in
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