CD Tutorial 4 The MODI and VAM Methods of Solving Transportation Problems Tutorial Outline MODI METHOD How to Use the MODI Method Solving the Arizona Plumbing Problem with MODI VOGEL’S APPROXIMATION METHOD: ANOTHER WAY TO FIND AN INITIAL SOLUTION DISCUSSION QUESTIONS PROBLEMS T4-2 CD TUTORIAL 4 THE MODI AND VAM METHODS OF SOLVING TRANSPORTATION PROBLEMS This tutorial deals with two techniques for solving transportation problems: the MODI method and Vogel’s Approximation Method (VAM)
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The Product Life Cycle of Black Barrel Cheese Definition of Product Life Cycle The period of time over which one item is developed‚ brought to market and eventually from the market. First‚ the idea for the product undergoes for research and development. If the idea is determined to be feasible and potentially possible the product will be produced and marketed and rolled out. Assuming the product becomes successful; its production will grow until the product becomes widely available. Eventually‚
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As technology advances‚ it becomes more feasible to load products with a large number of features‚ each of which individually might be seen as useful. However‚ too many features can make a product overwhelming for consumers and hard to use. Three studies examine how consumers balance their desires for capability and usability when they evaluate products‚ and how these desires shift over time. Because consumers give more weight to capability and less weight to usability before relative to after use
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What Is a Product Mix? by Rick Suttle‚ Demand Media Product mix‚ also known as product assortment‚ refers to the total number of product lines that a company offers to its customers. For example‚ a small company may sell multiple lines of products. Sometimes‚ these product lines are fairly similar‚ such as dish washing liquid and bar soap‚ which are used for cleaning and use similar technologies. Other times‚ the product lines are vastly different‚ such as diapers and razors. The four dimensions
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Product Breakdown Structure Toolkit 1. Overview If your are familiar with PRINCE2 pre-20091‚ you’ll know that it recommended the use of a number of techniques‚ one of which is Product Based Planning. A Product Breakdown Structure (PBS) is an essential part of this‚ its purpose being to define the products (deliverables) of a project and how they relate to each other. Product Based Planning has four components: • Product Description: a description of the overall project deliverables. In
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Developing Products and Managing Product Portfolios Chapter 12 What We Already Know About Products • How to define a product • How to classify a product – Consumer v business products – Different types of consumer products • The product life cycle • There are different levels of product: – Core benefits – Branding‚ design‚ quality – Support aspects: guarantees‚ after-sales service What Is Managing Products About? • Ensuring we have the right product mix to maximise
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Chapter 4 – Product and Service Design TOPIC Product and Service Design Trends in Product & Service Design Product or Service Design Activities Reasons for Product or Service Design Design for Operations Sources of Ideas for Products and Services The Design Process Quality Function Deployment Reverse Engineering Design for Manufacturing Manufacturability Legal‚ Ethical‚ and Environmental Issues Regulations & Legal Considerations Research and Development (R&D)
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Augmented Product The concept of the augmented product arises from the need to differentiate a generic product from those of its competitors. Brands cannot exist in the long-run unless consumers can distinguish it from others. The more distinctive a brand position‚ with favorable attributes that the customer considers important‚ the less likelihood that a customer will accept a substitute. To attract and retain consumers‚ the brand must convince them that it is relevant to the consumer’s individual
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PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE CONCEPT OF PRODUCTS LIFECYCLE (ELEMENTARY KNOWLEDGE) Product Life Cycle Definition by Philip Kotler: "An attempt to recognise distinct stages in the sales history of the product " PLC concept implies: Products have a limited life. Product sales pass through distinct stages with each stage posing Challenges/Opportunities/ Problems. Profits rise/fall during different stages of product life cycle. Products require different marketing/manufacturing./ finance/ purchase/ HR
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f The product life cycle (PLC) includes the stages the product goes through after development‚ from introduction to the end of the product. Just as children go through different phases in life (toddler‚ elementary school‚ adolescent‚ young adult‚ and so on)‚ products and services also age and go through different stages. The PLC is a beneficial tool that helps marketers manage the stages of a product’s acceptance and success in the marketplace‚ beginning with the product’s introduction‚ its
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