Describe and Evaluate the Working Memory Model - 12 Marks The working memory model is a model which specifically defines the short term memory. It is made up of three sections: the central executive‚ visuo-spacial sketchpad and phonological loop. The central executive is the ’boss’ of the three and this section of the system is the part that makes it possible for humans to multitask. It does this by allocating attention to different parts of the system. These are its slave systems. The capacity
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Hitch’s working memory model‚ and assess to what extent this model has helped us to understand phonological short term memory problems in children with reading disorders. The working memory model is the dominant and influential theory of memory designed to actively store information and refer to ideas that are thought of‚ or made available to the mind. Information can be manipulated when it is required during thinking‚ mental tasks‚ solving a problem or reasoning tasks (Cowan 2007). Working memory
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Describe and evaluate the Working Memory Model of Memory (12 marks) The working memory model by Baddeley and Hitch in 1974 is an alternative to the multi- store model‚ which was limited in its description of the STM. It consists of three main components‚ the first one being the central executive‚ which has overall control. The central executive is directs attention to two slave systems‚ the phonological loop and the visual-spatial sketchpad. The central executive has limited capacity but
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The WMM model of memory Atkinson’s and Shiffrin’s (1968) multi-store model was extremely successful in terms of the amount of research it generated. However‚ as a result of this research‚ it became apparent that there were a number of problems with their ideas concerning the characteristics of short-term memory. Building on this research‚ Baddeley and Hitch (1974) developed an alternative model of short-term memory which they called working memory. There are three main components to the original
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introduction to one of his many books‚ John Bowlby quotes Graham Greene; ‘Unhappiness in a child accumulates because he sees no end to the dark tunnel. The thirteen weeks of a term may just as well be thirteen years.’ It is quite clear that John’s childhood was not a happy one. He experienced many years of separation from family and it can be connected as to why he developed the theory of attachment. Edward John Mostyn Bowlby‚ known as John Bowlby‚ was born in 1907 in London as the fourth
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Working at McDonald’s is an article that emphasizes how irrelevant working in high school is on the scale of importance in life. Amitai Etzioni points out that teenagers are distracted by repetitive jobs when they should be focusing on their education. Etzioni makes his argument about teenage jobs undermining school attendance and involvement‚ imparting few skills that will be useful later on in life‚ and skewing the values of teenagers especially their ideas about the worth of a dollar. McDonald’s
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Bowlby’s Ethological Theory: Development of Attachment Phases Krystle Garcia Excelsior College This paper was prepared for Lifespan Development Psychology taught by Doctor Peggy Lauria. Abstract John Bowlby was a psychoanalyst who believed that mental health and behavior problems could be attributed to early childhood. This paper goes over Bowlby’s development of attachment during the first 2 years of life. This paper will be discussing the four phases of attachment which are: Pre-attachment
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such as his struggle to understand democracy‚ morals and other abstracts and the difficulty of fitting in with a group of friends. John’s situations and difficulties can be broadened through the use of Piaget‚ Erikson and Bowlby’s theories. John Bowlby believed that children who did not receive much care and social interaction were left more open to psychological ramifications when they grow up such as the difficulty of forming a close bond with another individual. In John’s story it states that
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Observations by ethologists have shown that several aspects of children ’s social behavior‚ including emotional expressions‚ cooperation‚ and social play‚ resemble those of our primate ancestors. According to the ethological view‚ babies are biologically prepared to contribute actively to establish a bond with their caregivers‚ which promotes the chances for their individual genes to survive. Since ethologists believe that children ’s behaviors can be best understood in terms of their adaptive value‚ they
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Working memory model Central executive-has overall control of information from any sensory system. Controls the slave system ; decision maker Phonological loop- stores a limited number of speech based sounds; consists of the Phonological store – INNER EAR allows acoustically coded items to be stored for a brief period of time Articulatory control process- INNER VOICE allows sub vocal repetition of the items in the phonological store. Visuo-spatial scratch pad –stores visual and spatial
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