Child Development: Attachment Theory and Environmental Impacts on Development The pioneers of the attachment theory who are fundamentally responsible for our present understanding of children and what drives human relationships are psychiatrist John Bowlby (1969) and his colleague‚ Mary Ainsworth (1989)‚ a developmental psychologist who further elaborated on the theory. The theory was based mainly on ethology‚ the study of the advanced behaviour of numerous species in their natural habitat. Bowlby
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The Evolutionary Theory of Attachment Bowlby’s evolutionary theory consists of a number of essential factors. The evolutionary theory of attachment as proposed by John Bowlby (1907-1990) suggests that attachment‚ in terms of adaptation‚ is essential for survival. In order to progress healthily‚ children are born with an innate tendency to form attachments. This means that infants are pre-programmed to become attached to their caregiver. This is supported by the research of Lorenz (1952) in
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Kirkpatrick’s essay on the attachment theory‚ it is justified to why Freud’s analysis is the best explanation for Christoph Haizmann’s decision to sell his soul to the Devil. The attachment theory is an evolutionary situated system which is deeply important for survival of human beings (Kirkpatrick 1999‚ 803). Kirkpatrick (1999) finds that the
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Ivan Pavlov is a Russian scientist‚ who discovered the classical conditioning theory that involves leaning a new behaviour by association. In his research‚ he linked two stimuli to produce new learned response in animals. To demonstrate this‚ Ivan Pavlov conducted a study by ringing a bell before the dogs were fed. He made it a routine until the dogs were conditioned to the idea that ringing a bell was associated with food. The action of ringing a bell only made the dog to salivate which is a conditioned
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Evolutionary Theory of Attachment The evolutionary explanation of attachments was first developed by Bowlby. He said that an attachment is biological and crucial for survival as it ensures the infant is cared for due to the reciprocal nature of attachment. Bowlby also said that both infants and carers are innately programmed with the ability to make attachments and that Bowlby believes in monotropy‚ the belief that a child can only create an attachment with one primary caregiver only and this
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Psychology - Attachment Revision What is Attachment?:- “Attachment is the close bond between two people which endures over time and leads to certain behaviors such as proximity seeking‚ clinging and distress on separation‚ These behaviors serve the function of protecting an infant” Exam Question 1: ‘Explain Bowlby’s theory of attachment?’ (For top marks‚ mention: Social releasers‚ Sensitive Period‚ Montropy‚ internal model and the continuity hypothesis): * “Bowlby’s theory of attachment is an evolutionary
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Before Bowlby and Ainsworth came forth with attachment theory‚ the role parental attentiveness played in the cognitive and psychological development of the child was widely understated. Although similar theorists such as Piaget‚ Erickson‚ Freud‚ Kohlberg and Braufenbreener all vied for secured interactions between mothers and infants‚ their comments appeared to be understated in light of the developmental theories (Crain‚ 2010). As such‚ the theory positions itself as an incredible strength. When
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most significant influencers in learning social behaviours and aiding the formation of strong attachments‚ and therefore successful emotional and behavioural development in children. The role and importance each parent plays in childhood development has led to profound debate in psychological research. It is argued that the primary caregiver – the mother – is most significant in influencing strong attachments and a healthy emotional and behavioural development in their children. Alternatively‚ additional
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require stimulation through human attachment and a good environment” (Walker‚ 2011‚ p. 21). Starting from infancy‚ children form attachments that assist in the brain development. The attachment theory “suggests that children come into the world biologically pre-programmed to form attachments with others‚ because this will help them survive” (McLeod‚ 2009). This attachment not only happens with the parent‚ but also with a childcare worker. During this attachment “trust is established as a result
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Which theory have I decided to explain further on? I chose Attachment theory because it focuses on the relationships and bonds between people‚ particularly long-term relationships including those between a parent and child and romantic partners. British psychologist John Bowlby was the first attachment theorist who was interested in defining attachment as a close emotional bond that children experience when separated from their primary caregivers typically‚ the mother. (Brentano) Attachment theory
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