Flow of Income and Expenditure The circular flow of income and expenditure refers to the process whereby the national income and expenditure of an economy flow in a circular manner continuously through time. The various components of national income and expenditure such as saving‚ investment‚ taxation‚ government expenditure‚ exports‚ imports‚ etc are shown on diagrams in the form of currents and cross-currents in such a manner that national income equals national expenditure. We begin
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Question: “The Keynesian income – expenditure model assumes that the macro economy can be fine tuned and controlled in the same way as an engine in a car”. Evaluate the validity of this assertation. The economics is concerned of the production and consumption of goods or services. It also deals with the problem of scarcity. It can be divided into two sections‚ microeconomics and macroeconomics. The microeconomics deals the demand and supply for the individual part of the economy. The macroeconomics
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I would like to express my deepest appreciation to all those who provided me the possibility to complete this report .Firstly‚ I would like to thank my additional mathematics teacher‚ Puan Rohana bt. Dalmen for her guidance and constant supervision as well as for providing necessary information regarding the project and also for her support in completing the project. I would like to express my gratitude towards my parents and family members for their kind co-operation and encouragement which helped
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Chapter 4 The Revenue Cycle Objectives for Chapter 4 • Tasks performed in the revenue cycle‚ regardless of the technology used • The functional departments involved in revenue cycle activities and the flow of revenue transactions through the organization • The documents‚ journals‚ and accounts that provide audit trails‚ promote the maintenance of records‚ support decision making‚ and sustain financial reporting • Risks associated with the revenue cycle and the controls that reduce these risks
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There has been a constant debate about “advertising” that whether it is a useful or wasteful expenditure of resources. Advertising plays a crucial role in today’s world where there are so many brands vying for the customer’s attention. If not advertising‚ how else would you as a consumer know what all there is you could choose from? Though a useful tool‚ it must be well utilized to create an impact. Many a times‚ we as consumers remember the setting of the ad but forget the brand that was being
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Apollo Accounting and Control Systems: Purchasing and Expenditure Cycle The employee prepares a purchase requisition and has a supervisor approve it. The supervisor retains Copy 2 of the pre-numbered purchase requisition for the department‚ sends Copy 1 to the Purchasing Department and Copy 3 to Accounts Payable. When the Purchase Department receives the purchase requisition‚ they search the approved vendor list and consult the listed prices for the goods desired for each vendor. Once a vendor
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Capital Expenditure Valuation Methods The payback period is the time it takes for a project or investments cash outflows to be recovered by cash inflows generated from the same project or investment. It is a very simple and commonly used capital budgeting technique. The formula used to compute the payback period is initial investment divided by cash inflow per period. You generally want to choose the investment that provides the shortest payback period‚ because you will get you cash back and it
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Guest Cycle I- Guest Cycle: Introduction • The guest cycle describes the activities that each guest passes by from the moment he/she calls to communicate a reservation inquiry till he/she departs from the hotel. In fact‚ the guest cycle encompasses 4 different stages‚ which are depicted in the underneath‚ diagram: Pre-Arrival Þ Arrival Þ Occupancy Þ Departure • Each stage of the guest cycle is associated guest service‚ and guest accounting activity. 1. Guest services: Reservation
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THE ACCOUNTING CYCLE LARRY M. WALTHER & CHRISTOPHER J. SKOUSEN DOWNLOAD FREE TEXT BOOKS AT BOOKBOON.COM The Accounting Cycle © 2009 Larry M. Walther‚ under nonexclusive license to Christopher J. Skousen & Ventus Publishing ApS. All material in this publication is copyrighted‚ and the exclusive property of Larry M. Walther or his licensors (all rights reserved). ISBN 978-87-7681-486-1 Download free books at BookBooN.com 2 Contents The Accounting Cycle Contents Part 1:
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PUBLIC EXPENDITURE AND ECONOMIC GROWTH WHAT IS PUBLIC EXPENDITURE? MEANING: Public expenditure refers to Government expenditure i.e. Government spending. It is incurred by Central‚ State and Local governments of a country. Spending by government ‚ municipality‚ or any local authority. It covers things such as health‚ education or social services and is funded by tax revenue. It is one of the element that make up aggregate expenditure. Government spending or government expenditure is classified
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